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The Mega-Event Syndrome: Why So Much Goes Wrong in Mega-Event Planning and What to Do About It

机译:大型活动综合症:大型活动规划中为什么有很多错误以及如何处理

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摘要

Problem, research strategy, and findings: Mega-events such as the Olympic Games and the Football World Cup have become complex and transformative undertakings over the last 30years, with costs often exceeding USD $10 billion. These events are currently planned and governed in ways that produce adverse effects for cities, regions, and residents. This study identifies a mega-event syndrome, a group of symptoms that occur together and afflict mega-event planning, including overpromising benefits, underestimating costs, rewriting urban planning priorities to fit the event, using public resources for private interest, and suspending the regular rule of law. I describe each of these symptoms, providing empirical examples from different countries and mega-events, examining the underlying causes. The research is based on material from field visits to mega-event sites in 11 countries as well as 51 interviews with planners, managers, politicians, and consultants involved in mega-event planning.
机译:问题,研究策略和发现:在过去的30年里,诸如奥运会和足球世界杯这样的大型活动已变得复杂而具有变革性,各项费用往往超过100亿美元。目前,这些事件的计划和管理方式会对城市,地区和居民产生不利影响。这项研究确定了大型事件综合症,一组同时出现的症状并影响了大型事件的规划,包括过高的收益,低估了成本,重写城市规划的优先级以适应事件,使用公共资源获取私人利益以及中止定期法律规定。我描述了每种症状,并提供了来自不同国家和大型事件的经验示例,研究了根本原因。这项研究基于对11个国家/地区的大型活动现场进行实地访问以及对参与大型活动规划的规划人员,管理人员,政治人物和顾问进行的51次访谈所获得的资料。

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