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Measuring Genuine Progress: An Example from the UN Millennium Development Goals

机译：衡量真正的进展：联合国千年发展目标的一个例子

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Proposals for incorporating information on the quality of human, social, and environmental conditions in more authentic and comprehensive versions of the Gross National Product (GNP) or Gross Domestic Product (GDP) date back to the foundations of econometrics. Typically treated as external to markets, these domains have lately been objects of renewed interest. Calls for accountability and transparency have expanded to include the now topical but previously neglected economic implications of human, social, and natural capital. Clear advantages for the measurement and management of these forms of capital can be drawn from econometric criteria for identifiable models of structurally invariant relationships. The United Nation's Millennium Development Goals (MDG) provide an example application of a probabilistic model for measurement used to evaluate data quality, reduce data volume with no loss of information, estimate linear units of comparison with known uncertainties, express measures from different sets of indicators in a common metric, and frame a meaningful interpretive context. Data on 22 MDG indicators from 64 countries are scored and analyzed. Model fit was reasonable, the item hierarchy tells a meaningful story of structural invariance in economic development, and Cronbach's alpha was 0.93. The measures estimated in this study correlated over 0.90 with independently produced measures of per-capita GDP and life satisfaction. These results provide a positive demonstration of relevant methods applicable in the context of today's Sustainable Development Goals 2030 Agenda.
机译：在更真实，更全面的国民生产总值（GNP）或国内生产总值（GDP）版本中纳入有关人类，社会和环境状况的信息的提议可以追溯到计量经济学的基础。这些域通常被视为市场外部的对象，最近成为人们重新关注的对象。对问责制和透明度的呼吁已经扩大到包括人力，社会和自然资本的当前话题性但先前被忽略的经济含义。这些计量形式和资本形式的管理的明显优势可以从结构不变关系的可识别模型的计量标准中获得。联合国的千年发展目标（MDG）提供了一个概率模型的示例应用，该模型用于评估数据质量，在不损失信息的情况下减少数据量，估计具有已知不确定性的线性比较单位，表达来自不同指标集的度量以一个通用的度量标准，并构筑有意义的解释上下文。对来自64个国家的22个MDG指标的数据进行了评分和分析。模型拟合是合理的，项目层次结构讲述了经济发展中结构不变的有意义的故事，而克朗巴赫的alpha为0.93。在这项研究中估计的指标将0.90以上与独立制定的人均GDP和生活满意度的指标相关联。这些结果积极证明了适用于当今《 2030年可持续发展目标》议程的相关方法。

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    《Journal of applied measurement》 |2020年第1期|110-133|共24页
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    BEAR Center Graduate School of Education University of California Berkeley Living Capital Metrics LLC;

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