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Energy Efficiency Standards Are More Regressive Than Energy Taxes: Theory and Evidence

机译:能源效率标准比能源税更具退步性:理论和证据

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摘要

Economists endorse taxes as a cost-effective means of reducing pollution. But policy makers raise concerns about their regressivity, or disproportional burden on poorer families, preferring instead to regulate energy efficiency. I first show that in theory, energy efficiency standards are more regressive than energy taxes, not less. I then provide an example using data on automobiles in the United States. Taxing gas would be less regressive than regulating the fuel economy of cars if the two policies are compared on a revenue-equivalent basis.
机译:经济学家认可税收是减少污染的一种经济有效的手段。但是政策制定者对他们的回归性或对贫困家庭造成的不成比例的负担提出了担忧,而宁愿管理能源效率。我首先表明,从理论上讲,能源效率标准比能源税更具累进性,而不是更少。然后,我提供一个使用美国汽车数据的示例。如果将两种政策以当量收入为基础进行比较,则对汽油征税将比调节汽车的燃油经济性要少。

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