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The Efficiency and Sectoral Distributional Impacts of Large-Scale Renewable Energy Policies

机译:大规模可再生能源政策的效率和行业分布影响

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摘要

Renewable energy policies have grown in popularity. Given that renewable energy costs are mostly nonmarginal, due to the large presence of fixed costs, there are many different ways to implement these policies in both the environmental design and retail pricing margins. I show that the efficiency and distributional implications of large-scale policies crucially depend not only on the design of wholesale policies to incentivize renewables but also on how the costs of such policies are passed-through to consumers. Using data from the California electricity market, I develop a model to illustrate the interaction between large-scale renewable energy policies (carbon taxes, feed-in tariffs, and renewable portfolio standards) and their pricing to final consumers under alternative retail pricing schemes (no pass-through, marginal fees, fixed flat tariffs, and Ramsey pricing). I focus on the trade-off between charging residential versus industrial consumers to highlight tensions between efficiency, distributional, and environmental goals.
机译:可再生能源政策日益普及。由于存在大量固定成本,鉴于可再生能源的成本大多是非边际成本,因此在环境设计和零售定价利润方面,有许多不同的方法来实施这些政策。我表明,大规模政策的效率和分配影响在很大程度上不仅取决于旨在激励可再生能源的批发政策的设计,而且还取决于此类政策的成本如何传递给消费者。我使用来自加州电力市场的数据,开发了一个模型来说明大规模可再生能源政策(碳税,上网电价和可再生能源投资组合标准)与其在替代零售定价方案下向最终消费者定价之间的相互作用(无传递,边际费用,固定统一关税和Ramsey定价)。我着重于为住宅和工业消费者充电之间的权衡,以强调效率,分配和环境目标之间的矛盾。

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