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The Market for Electric Vehicles: Indirect Network Effects and Policy Design

机译:电动汽车市场:间接网络效应和政策设计

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摘要

The market for plug-in electric vehicles (EVs) exhibits indirect network effects due to the interdependence between EV adoption and charging station investment. Through a stylized model, we demonstrate that indirect network effects on both sides of the market lead to feedback loops that could alter the diffusion process of the new technology. Based on quarterly E V sales and charging station deployment in 353 metro areas from 2011 to 2013, our empirical analysis finds indirect network effects on both sides of the market, with those on the EV demand side being stronger. The federal income tax credit of up to $7,500 for EV buyers contributed to about 40% of EV sales during 2011-13, with feedback loops explaining 40% of that increase. A policy of equal-sized spending but subsidizing charging station deployment could have been more than twice as effective in promoting EV adoption.
机译:由于电动汽车的采用和充电站投资之间的相互依存关系,插电式电动汽车(EV)市场表现出间接的网络效应。通过一个程式化模型,我们证明了市场两边的间接网络效应会导致反馈回路,从而可能改变新技术的传播过程。根据2011年至2013年每季度353个都市地区的电动汽车销售和充电站部署情况,我们的经验分析发现,市场两边的间接网络效应,而电动汽车需求方面的网络效应更强。 2011-13财年,针对电动汽车购买者的联邦所得税抵免额高达7,500美元,占电动汽车销量的40%,反馈循环解释了这一增长的40%。支出相等但补贴充电站部署的政策在促进电动汽车普及方面的效果可能是其两倍以上。

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