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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Behavioral Decision Making >Numeracy Predicts More Effortful and Elaborative Search Strategies in a Complex Risky Choice Context: A Process-Tracing Approach
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Numeracy Predicts More Effortful and Elaborative Search Strategies in a Complex Risky Choice Context: A Process-Tracing Approach

机译：Numeracy预测复杂风险选择上下文中的更努力，更实验性的搜索策略：过程跟踪方法

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摘要

The goal of the current study was to explore information search and processing differences between individuals who are less and more numerate in an attempt to better understand the mechanisms that might differentiate the choices they make. We did so using a computerized process-tracing system known as MouseTrace, which presented monetary gambles in an alternative x attribute matrix with outcome (dollar amount) and probability information as attributes. This information was initially occluded but could be revealed by clicking on the cell that contained the desired information. Beginning with nine gambles offering the chance of gaining or losing a specified amount, participants (N = 110) narrowed down the options (to three and then one) using an inclusion or exclusion strategy. Consistent with previous research, inclusion was a more effortful strategy, and individuals who were higher in numeracy were more likely to select prospects with the highest expected value. Process measures revealed these individuals expended more effort (i. e., attended to and sought out more information and processed it in greater depth) and exhibited more compensatory processing than those who were lower in numeracy, but this sometimes depended on whether one was asked to include or exclude. These results serve as further evidence that individuals with higher levels of numeracy often engage in more elaborative processing of the decision task, which tends to lead to more optimal choices. However, they also suggest that individuals are adaptive and that the specific situation can matter. Copyright (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：当前研究的目的是探索人数越来越少的个体之间的信息搜索和处理差异，以期更好地理解可能与他们做出的选择不同的机制。我们使用称为MouseTrace的计算机化过程跟踪系统进行了此操作，该系统以结果（美元）和概率信息为属性，在替代的x属性矩阵中展示了货币赌博。该信息最初被遮挡，但可以通过单击包含所需信息的单元格来显示。从九次提供获得指定数量的获胜机会的赌博开始，参与者（N = 110）使用纳入或排除策略将选择范围缩小到（三个，然后一个）。与以前的研究一致，包容是一项更努力的策略，计算能力更高的人更有可能选择预期价值最高的前景。过程测量表明，与那些算术水平较低的人相比，这些人花费了更多的精力（即，关注并寻求更多的信息并进行了更深入的处理），并表现出更多的补偿性过程，但这有时取决于是否要求包括或不包括这些信息。排除。这些结果进一步证明了具有较高算术水平的人经常对决策任务进行更为详尽的处理，这往往会导致更多的最佳选择。但是，他们也建议个人具有适应能力，并且特定情况可能很重要。版权所有（C）2016 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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