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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Behavioral Decision Making >Decision-making Competence, Executive Functioning, and General Cognitive Abilities
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Decision-making Competence, Executive Functioning, and General Cognitive Abilities

机译：决策能力，执行功能和一般认知能力

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摘要

Although previous studies investigated the relationship between general cognitive abilities and decision making, few have characterized specific cognitive abilities underlying decision-making competence. In this paper, we focus on executive functions—control processes involved in the regulation of cognition. Specifically, we report on an individual-differences study that investigated the relationship of executive functioning (EF) and general cognitive abilities (fluid intelligence and numeracy) with different aspects of decision-making competence. Individual differences in EF components explained aspects of decision-making competence even after controlling for fluid intelligence and numeracy. However, different aspects of decision-making competence varied in the extent to which they relied on different executive functions. In particular, resistance to framing effects, the ability to apply decision rules, and successful engagement in cognitive reflection partially depend on individual differences on the monitoring/inhibition dimension of EF. The ability to provide consistent judgments in risk perception is related to the shifting aspect of EF. The ability to recognize social norms and resistance to sunk costs were not significantly related to EF, thus supporting the idea that executive control is not a major determinant of these aspects of decision-making competence. Finally, substantial variance in some of the decision-making tasks remained unexplained, suggesting that other cognitive or non-cognitive abilities need to be considered in future studies.
机译：尽管先前的研究调查了一般认知能力与决策之间的关系，但很少有人以决策能力为基础来描述特定的认知能力。在本文中，我们集中于执行功能-认知调节所涉及的控制过程。具体来说，我们报告了一项个人差异研究，该研究调查了执行功能（EF）和一般认知能力（流体智力和计算能力）与决策能力不同方面之间的关系。 EF组件中的个体差异解释了决策能力的各个方面，即使在控制了流体智力和计算能力之后也是如此。但是，决策能力的不同方面在不同程度上依赖于不同的执行职能。特别是，对帧效应的抵抗力，应用决策规则的能力以及成功参与认知反射的能力部分取决于EF监控/抑制维度的个体差异。在风险感知中提供一致判断的能力与EF的变化有关。承认社会规范的能力和对沉没成本的抵制与EF并没有显着相关，因此支持以下观点，即行政控制不是决策能力的这些方面的主要决定因素。最后，某些决策任务的实质性差异仍然无法解释，这表明在未来的研究中需要考虑其他认知或非认知能力。

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