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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Behavioral Decision Making >Assessment of Decision-making Competence in Preadolescence
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Assessment of Decision-making Competence in Preadolescence

机译：前期决策能力评估

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摘要

Recent research using late adolescent (18-19 years) and adult samples suggests that within-subject performance on a variety of standard, controlled laboratory tasks reflects a higher-order positive manifold of decision-making competence. The present paper extends this important work by testing whether preadolescent children (10- to 11-year-olds, n = 101) exhibit a similar structural pattern characterizing their decision-making performance. Performance on "child-friendly" versions of framing problems, decision matrices, consistency in risk perceptions, and calibration of confidence conformed to a one-factor solution, comparable with that previously found with older populations. Further, individual differences in effortful control, a temperament dimension related to self-regulative executive function, was significantly associated with decision-making competence. Importantly, these measures were predictive of both positive (e.g., completing set goals) and negative behaviors (e.g., missing homework assignments). Results are discussed in terms of the existence of early stable patterns of decision making and rationality and the emergence of systematic individual difference factors in decision making.
机译：最近使用青春期后期（18-19岁）和成人样本进行的研究表明，在各种标准的受控实验室任务中，受试者内部的表现反映出决策能力的高阶积极性。本文通过测试青春期前儿童（10至11岁，n = 101）是否表现出表征其决策表现的相似结构模式，扩展了这项重要工作。框架问题，决策矩阵，风险感知的一致性以及置信度的“儿童友好”版本的性能符合单因素解决方案，与以前的老年人口类似。此外，努力控制中的个体差异（与自我调节执行功能有关的气质维度）与决策能力显着相关。重要的是，这些措施可以预测积极（例如，完成既定目标）和消极行为（例如，缺少家庭作业）。根据决策的早期稳定模式的存在和合理性以及决策中系统的个体差异因素的出现来讨论结果。

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