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Critical tactics for implementing Porter's generic strategies

机译:实施波特通用策略的关键策略

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摘要

Since the early 1980s, Michael Porter's strategic typology has been one of the most widely accepted methods of discussing, categorizing, and selecting company strategies. Porter's novel idea that strategies can be classified into generic types (differentiation, cost leadership, focus or combination) has been the basis for much of the strategy research and practice in the past quarter century. Porter contends that by implementing one of these strategies, a company will have a competitive advantage and earn above average industry returns. Many important gaps in our understanding of Porter's typology still exist, hindering managers' attempts to implement these generic strategies. One problem is that previous research has not identified tactics associated with each of the generic strategies. Furthermore, prior research has not determined which of these tactics are associated with higher levels of organizational performance. Thus managers lack insight on which specific tactics to implement at the operational level of their organization when following a chosen generic strategy. Mangers have essentially been left to interpret Porter's theory and then determine implementation on their own.
机译:自1980年代初以来,迈克尔·波特的策略类型学一直是讨论,分类和选择公司策略的最广泛接受的方法之一。波特(Porter)提出的新颖的想法是,策略可以分为通用类型(差异,成本领先,重点或组合),这已成为过去25年中许多策略研究和实践的基础。波特认为,通过实施这些战略之一,公司将具有竞争优势,并获得高于平均水平的行业回报。在我们对波特的类型学的理解中,仍然存在许多重要的空白,阻碍了经理们尝试实施这些通用策略。一个问题是,先前的研究尚未确定与每种通用策略相关的策略。此外,先前的研究尚未确定这些策略中的哪些与组织绩效的更高水平相关。因此,管理者在遵循选定的通用策略时缺乏对在组织的运营级别上实施哪些特定策略的洞察力。从本质上讲,经理人只能解释波特的理论,然后自己决定实施。

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