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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Chemical Ecology >Predatory Response of Brown Tree Snakes, to Chemical Stimuli from Human Skin
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Predatory Response of Brown Tree Snakes, to Chemical Stimuli from Human Skin

机译：棕树蛇对人体皮肤化学刺激的掠食性反应

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The brown tree snake (Boiga irregularis) is an exotic pest species on Pacific islands, most notably on Guam where it has caused considerable ecological and economic damage. On Guam, the snake commonly associates with people and can be found near or in human habitations. Bites are common, approximately 1 of 1200 emergency room visits to Guam hospitals were reported to be the result of B. irregularis bites; 80% of these victims were attacked while sleeping. Most of the attacks occurred on fingers and hands and the attacks appeared to be predatory, rather than defensive, in nature. In order to characterize the mechanism releasing this unusual behavior, we measured the predatory response of B. irregularis to chemical stimuli from humans and controls using a lab population that originated from Guam and a wild population from the species' native range in Queensland, Australia. To quantify behavior we measured the proportion of snakes displaying predatory behavior to each of the stimuli, the latency to attack, and the number of tongue-flicks displayed. We quantified predatory behavior using the tongue-flick attack score for repeated measures [TFAS(R)], a common method for quantifying predatory behavior in squamate reptiles. Captive brown tree snakes responded to human skin stimuli with feeding behavior, including predatory attacks, at the same frequency as they did to prey stimuli derived from mice, while never responding to controls with such behavior. Captive snakes also responded to human skin stimuli and prey stimuli with significantly higher TFAS(R) scores than to controls, although there were no differences between the human and mouse stimuli. Wild-caught animals in Australia also responded with predatory attacks to human skin stimuli, while not showing predatory behavior to a blank control and with higher TFAS(R) scores to human skin stimuli than to the control. As B. irregularis is a generalized predator that relies heavily on chemical signals to recognize prey, we hypothesize that the snakes recognize compounds on human skin that may be shared with other prey.
机译：棕色树蛇（Boiganormalis）是太平洋岛屿上的一种外来害虫，最引人注目的是在关岛，造成了严重的生态和经济破坏。在关岛，这条蛇通常与人交往，可以在人类居住区附近或附近找到。叮咬很普遍，据报道，关岛医院1200次急诊就诊中约有1次是不规则双歧杆菌咬伤的结果。这些受害者中有80％在睡觉时遭到袭击。大多数袭击发生在手指和手上，而且袭击本质上是掠夺性的，而不是防御性的。为了表征释放这种异常行为的机制，我们使用源自关岛的实验室种群和来自澳大利亚昆士兰州的该物种原生范围的野生种群，测量了不规则芽孢杆菌对人类和对照的化学刺激的掠食性反应。为了量化行为，我们测量了表现出掠夺行为的蛇对每种刺激的比例，攻击潜伏期和所显示的甩舌次数。我们使用反复轻拂得分[TFAS（R）]来量化掠夺行为，TFAS是量化鳞状爬行动物掠夺行为的常用方法。圈养的棕色树蛇对人类皮肤刺激的反应包括进食行为，包括掠食性攻击，其频率与捕食源自小鼠的刺激行为相同，而从未对这种行为的对照做出反应。圈养的蛇对人的皮肤刺激和猎物刺激也有比对照组高得多的TFAS（R）得分，尽管人和小鼠的刺激之间没有差异。澳大利亚的野生动物对人的皮肤刺激也有掠食性攻击，而对空白对照没有表现出掠食性行为，对人的皮肤刺激的TFAS（R）得分也高于对照。由于不规则双歧杆菌是一种广义的捕食者，在很大程度上依赖于化学信号来识别猎物，因此我们假设蛇会识别人类皮肤上可能与其他猎物共享的化合物。

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