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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Chemical Ecology >Mineralogical and Chemical Interactions of Soils Eaten by Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains and Gombe Stream National Parks, Tanzania
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Mineralogical and Chemical Interactions of Soils Eaten by Chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains and Gombe Stream National Parks, Tanzania

机译：坦桑尼亚黑马山和贡贝溪国家公园的黑猩猩吃掉的土壤的矿物学和化学相互作用

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摘要

Termite mound soils eaten by chimpanzees of the Mahale Mountains and Gombe National Parks, Tanzania, have mineralogical and geochemical compositions similar to many soils eaten by higher primates, but release very low levels of either toxic or nutritional inorganic elements to solution at acid pH. Comparison with control (uneaten) soils from the same areas showed lower levels of carbon and nitrogen in the eaten soils, a relationship confirmed by surface analysis. Surface analysis also revealed lower levels of iron on particle surfaces versus interiors, and higher levels of iron on ingested versus control soil particle surfaces. The soils can adsorb dietary toxins, present in the plant diet or those produced by microorganisms. Taking the toxic alkaloids quinine, atropine, sparteine, and lupanine as examples, it is evident that soils from Mahale have a very good adsorptive capacity. A new adaptive advantage of geophagy is proposed, based on the prevention of iron uptake. The behavior of the soils in vitro is consistent with the theory that geophagy has a therapeutic value for these chimpanzees.
机译：坦桑尼亚马哈拉山脉和冈贝国家公园的黑猩猩吃掉的白蚁丘陵土壤的矿物学和地球化学组成与许多高等灵长类动物吃掉的土壤相似，但是在酸性pH值下，溶液释放出的有毒或营养性无机元素的含量非常低。与来自相同地区的对照（阿尼坦）土壤的比较表明，被食用的土壤中的碳和氮含量较低，这一关系已通过表面分析得到了证实。表面分析还显示，与内部相比，颗粒表面的铁含量较低，而与对照土壤颗粒表面相比，摄入的铁含量较高。土壤可以吸收植物饮食中或微生物产生的饮食中的饮食毒素。以有毒生物碱奎宁，阿托品，阿司匹丁和鲁潘宁为例，很明显，来自马哈勒（Mahale）的土壤具有很好的吸附能力。在防止铁吸收的基础上，提出了一种新的地理吞噬适应性优势。体外土壤的行为与理论认为噬菌体对这些黑猩猩具有治疗价值是一致的。

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