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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of cognitive engineering and decision making >What Do We Tell the Drivers? Toward Minimum Driver Training Standards for Partially Automated Cars
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What Do We Tell the Drivers? Toward Minimum Driver Training Standards for Partially Automated Cars

机译：我们告诉司机什么？达到部分自动驾驶汽车最低驾驶员培训标准

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摘要

Each year, millions of automobile crashes occur when drivers fail to notice and respond to conflicts with other vehicles, bicyclists, and pedestrians. Today, manufacturers race to deploy automation technologies to help eliminate these mishaps. To date, little effort has been made to educate drivers about how these systems work or how they affect driver behavior. Driver education for automated systems amounts to additional pages in an owner’s manual that is known to be a seldom-used glove box reference. In this article, we review the history of automation deployed in the airline cockpit decades ago. We describe how automation helped avoid many common crash scenarios but at the same time gave rise to new kinds of crashes. It was only following a concerted effort to educate pilots about the automation, about themselves, and about the concept of a human-automation team that we reached the near-zero crash rate we enjoy today. Drawing parallels between the automation systems, the available pilot and driver research, and operational experience in both airplanes and automobiles, we outline knowledge standards for drivers of partially automated cars and argue that the safe operation of these vehicles will be enhanced by drivers’ incorporation of this knowledge in their everyday travels.
机译：每年，当驾驶员未能注意到并响应与其他车辆，骑自行车的人和行人的冲突时，就会发生数百万起汽车事故。如今，制造商竞相部署自动化技术以帮助消除这些不幸。迄今为止，几乎没有做出任何努力来教育驾驶员有关这些系统如何工作或它们如何影响驾驶员行为的知识。驾驶员对自动化系统的培训相当于在用户手册中的其他页面，该手册被认为是很少使用的手套箱参考。在本文中，我们回顾了几十年前在飞机驾驶舱中部署的自动化历史。我们描述了自动化如何帮助避免了许多常见的崩溃情况，但同时又引发了新的崩溃类型。只是在共同努力下，向飞行员们进行了有关自动化，自身以及人类自动化团队概念的教育，我们达到了如今所享有的接近零的崩溃率。结合自动化系统，可用的飞行员和驾驶员研究以及飞机和汽车的操作经验之间的相似性，我们概述了部分自动驾驶汽车驾驶员的知识标准，并认为驾驶员的参与将增强这些车辆的安全操作他们在日常旅行中的知识。

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