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The impact of short term synaptic depression and stochastic vesicle dynamics on neuronal variability

机译：短期突触抑制和随机囊泡动力学对神经元变异性的影响

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Neuronal variability plays a central role in neural coding and impacts the dynamics of neuronal networks. Unreliability of synaptic transmission is a major source of neural variability: synaptic neurotransmitter vesicles are released probabilistically in response to presynaptic action potentials and are recovered stochastically in time. The dynamics of this process of vesicle release and recovery interacts with variability in the arrival times of presynaptic spikes to shape the variability of the postsynaptic response. We use continuous time Markov chain methods to analyze a model of short term synaptic depression with stochastic vesicle dynamics coupled with three different models of presynaptic spiking: one model in which the timing of presynaptic action potentials are modeled as a Poisson process, one in which action potentials occur more regularly than a Poisson process (sub-Poisson) and one in which action potentials occur more irregularly (super-Poisson). We use this analysis to investigate how variability in a presynaptic spike train is transformed by short term depression and stochastic vesicle dynamics to determine the variability of the postsynaptic response. We find that sub-Poissonrnpresynaptic spiking increases the average rate at which vesicles are released, that the number of vesicles released over a time window is more variable for smaller time windows than larger time windows and that fast presynaptic spiking gives rise to Poisson-like variability of the postsynaptic response even when presynaptic spike times are non-Poisson. Our results complement and extend previously reported theoretical results and provide possible explanations for some trends observed in recorded data.
机译：神经元变异性在神经编码中起着核心作用，并影响神经元网络的动力学。突触传递的不可靠性是神经变异性的主要来源：突触神经递质囊泡响应突触前动作电位而被概率性释放，并随时间随机恢复。囊泡释放和恢复过程的动力学与突触前突触到达时间的变异性相互作用，以塑造突触后反应的变异性。我们使用连续时间马尔可夫链方法来分析具有随机囊泡动力学的短期突触抑制模型以及三种不同的突触前突刺模型：一种模型将突触前动作电位的时间建模为泊松过程，另一种是将动作电位比泊松过程（子泊松）更规律地发生，而动作电位更不规则地发生（超泊松）。我们使用此分析来调查如何通过短期抑郁和随机囊泡动力学来确定突触后反应的变异性来改变突触前突波串的变异性。我们发现，泊松突触前突突增加了小泡释放的平均速率，对于较小的时间窗，在一个时间窗内释放的囊泡数目比较大的时间窗具有更多的可变性，并且突触前突突的快速产生类似于泊松的变异性即使突触前尖峰时间为非泊松时，突触后反应的反应仍然有效。我们的结果补充并扩展了先前报道的理论结果，并为记录数据中观察到的某些趋势提供了可能的解释。

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