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Introduction: the politics of necessity

机译:简介:必要性的政治

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In the last century, theories and histories of consumption developed grounded in desire rather than need. They presume and are founded mainly upon purchases and practices related to non-essential items, and the ideas, motivations, and dreamworlds surrounding them. Research has focused on "conspicuous consumption" (Veblen, 1899) and frequently equated modern consumer society with a shift from needs to wants. Desire, the pursuit of distinction, "luxury fever," and the seemingly infinite generation of new tastes, objects, and commercial spaces occupy the centre ground (Featherstone, 1990; Frank, 1999; Williams, 1991). But as public debate as much as recent scholarly work in anthropology and sociology has made clear, a good deal of consumption in the most developed societies continues to be about needs, politics, and ordinary practices, like eating, heating, washing, or taking the morning train (Douglas & Isherwood, 1996; Gronow & Warde, 2001; Shove, 2003; Warde, 1997).
机译:在上个世纪,关于消费的理论和历史的发展是基于欲望而不是需求。它们假定并且主要基于与非必需项目相关的购买和实践以及它们周围的想法,动机和梦想世界。研究集中在“炫耀性消费”上(Veblen,1899),并经常将现代消费社会等同于从需求到欲望的转变。欲望,追求差异,“奢侈发烧”以及看似无限的新口味,新事物和商业空间的产生占据了中心位置(Featherstone,1990; Frank,1999; Williams,1991)。但是,正如最近有关人类学和社会学的学术研究所进行的公开辩论所表明的那样,在最发达的社会中,大量的消费仍然与需求,政治和日常习惯有关,例如饮食,取暖,洗衣服或采取饮食习惯。早班火车(Douglas&Isherwood,1996; Gronow&Warde,2001; Shove,2003; Warde,1997)。

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