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High performance GHASH and impacts of a class of unconventional bases

机译:高性能GHASH和一类非常规基础的影响

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This work presents a new method to compute the GHASH function involved in the Galois/Counter Mode of operation for block ciphers. If X = X_1... X_n is a bit string made of n blocks of 128 bits each, then the GHASH function essentially computes X_1H~n + X_2H~(n-1) +...+X_nH, where H is the hash key and an element of the binary field F_2 128. This operation is usually computed using n successive multiply-and-add operations over F_2 128. Our proposed method replaces all but a fixed number of those multiplications by additions on the field. This is achieved using the characteristic polynomial of H. We present both how to use this polynomial to speed up the GHASH function and how to efficiently compute it for each session that uses a new H. We also show that the proposed technique can be parallelized to compute GHASH even faster. In order to completely eliminate the need for a field multiplication, we investigate a different set of bases for the field element representation and report their architectural and possible security impacts.
机译:这项工作提出了一种新的方法来计算分块密码的Galois / Counter操作模式中涉及的GHASH函数。如果X = X_1 ... X_n是由n个块组成的位串,每个块128位,则GHASH函数本质上计算X_1H〜n + X_2H〜(n-1)+ ... + X_nH,其中H是哈希键和二进制字段F_2 128的元素。通常在F_2 128上使用n个连续的乘法和加法运算来计算此操作。我们提出的方法通过在字段上加法来替换除固定数量的那些乘法之外的所有乘法。这是通过使用H的特征多项式实现的。我们既展示了如何使用该多项式来加快GHASH函数的速度,又展示了如何针对使用新H的每个会话有效地对其进行计算。我们还展示了所提出的技术可以与计算GHASH更快。为了完全消除对字段乘法的需求,我们研究了字段元素表示的一组不同基础,并报告了它们的体系结构以及可能的安全影响。

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