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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of dairy research >Effect of low and high concentrate supplementation on health and welfare indicators in different breeds in small-scale mountain dairy farms
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Effect of low and high concentrate supplementation on health and welfare indicators in different breeds in small-scale mountain dairy farms

机译：低浓缩率对小型山地乳业农场不同品种健康和福利指标的影响

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摘要

We investigated and compared the effects of low and high concentrate supplementation in terms of animal welfare, health and reproductive performance in two different dairy cow breeds on small-scale mountain farms. 64 South Tyrolean dairy farms were evaluated using an on-farm assessment for animal-based and resource-based welfare indicators, data from test day records, and a questionnaire for the farmer. Farms were divided into four groups: low input Tyrolean Grey (L-TG), low input Brown Swiss (L-BS), high input Tyrolean Grey (H-TG) and high input Brown Swiss (H-BS). Effects of intensity level, breed and their interaction were calculated and analyzed statistically. The predominant husbandry system across all groups was tie-stall. The average energy-corrected milk yield increased with increasing concentrate level, with L-TG showing the lowest and H-BS showing the highest milk yield. Age at first calving was lowest in H-BS when compared to all other systems, while numbers of lactations were higher in L-TG compared to H-BS. Feed efficiency (percentage of milk out of roughage) was significantly higher in L-TG and L-BS when compared to H-TG and H-BS. L-BS showed the poorest results for most of the welfare indicators such as lean cows, lesions and percentage of dirty animals. In conclusion, a higher concentrate level in diets does not lead automatically to lower animal welfare for dairy cows in alpine regions. Indeed, keeping high yielding breeds in extensive systems seems to be challenging. The dual-purpose breed TG showed some clear advantages in that calving interval was lower and the number of lactations greater.
机译：我们调查并比较了在小型山地农场两种不同奶牛品种的动物福利，健康和生殖表现方面的低级和高集中效果的影响。 64南Tyrolean乳制农场是利用基于动物和资源的福利指标，来自测试日记录的数据和农民的问卷评估。农场分为四组：低输入滴血灰色（L-TG），低输入棕色瑞士（L-BS），高输入晶格灰色（H-TG）和高输入棕色瑞士（H-BS）。统计上计算强度水平，品种及其相互作用的影响。所有群体中主要的畜牧系统都是Tieb Stall。随着浓缩水平的增加，平均能量校正的牛奶产量增加，L-TG显示最低和H-BS，显示出最高的牛奶产率。与所有其他系统相比，在第一次钙管时的年龄在H-BS中最低，而与H-BS相比，L-Tg的乳液数量较高。与H-TG和H-BS相比，L-TG和L-BS的饲料效率（粗饲料的百分比）显着高。 L-BS为大多数福利指标显示最糟糕的结果，例如瘦牛，病变和肮脏动物的百分比。总之，饮食中较高的浓度水平不会自动延长高山地区奶牛的牛奶奶牛福利。实际上，在广泛的系统中保持高产品种似乎挑战。双重用途TG显示出一些明显的优点，因为钙舱间隔较低，哺乳酸的数量更大。

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