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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of dairy science >Plant oil supplements reduce methane emissions and improve milk fatty acid composition in dairy cows fed grass silage-based diets without affecting milk yield
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Plant oil supplements reduce methane emissions and improve milk fatty acid composition in dairy cows fed grass silage-based diets without affecting milk yield

机译：植物油补充剂可减少以草类青贮饲料为基础的奶牛的甲烷排放并改善其乳脂成分，而不会影响产奶量

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摘要

ABSTRACTFour lipid supplements varying in chain length or degree of unsaturation were examined for their effects on milk yield and composition, ruminal CH4emissions, rumen fermentation, nutrient utilization, and microbial ecology in lactating dairy cows. Five Nordic Red cows fitted with rumen cannulas were used in a 5 × 5 Latin square with five 28-d periods. Treatments comprised total mixed rations based on grass silage with a forage-to-concentrate ratio of 60:40 supplemented with no lipid (CO) or 50 g/kg of diet dry matter (DM) of myristic acid (MA), rapeseed oil (RO), safflower oil (SO), or linseed oil (LO). Feeding MA resulted in the lowest DM intake, and feeding RO reduced DM intake compared with CO. Feeding MA reduced the yields of milk, milk constituents, and energy-corrected milk. Plant oils did not influence yields of milk and milk constituents, but reduced milk protein content compared with CO. Treatments had no effect on rumen fermentation characteristics, other than an increase in ammonia-N concentration due to feeding MA, RO, and SO compared with CO. Lipid supplements reduced daily ruminal CH4emission; however, the response was to some extent a result of lower feed intake. Lipids modified microbial community structure without affecting total counts of bacteria, archaea, and ciliate protozoa. Dietary treatments had no effect on the apparent total tract digestibility of organic matter, fiber, and gross energy. Treatments did not affect either energy secreted in milk as a proportion of energy intake or efficiency of dietary N utilization. All lipids lowered de novo fatty acid synthesis in the mammary gland. Plant oils increased proportions of milk fat 18:0,cis18:1,transand monounsaturated fatty acids, and decreased saturated fatty acids compared with CO and MA. Both SO and LO increased the proportion of total polyunsaturated fatty acids, total conjugated linolenic acid, andcis-9,trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid. Feeding MA clearly increased the Δ9desaturation of fatty acids. Our results provide compelling evidence that plant oils supplemented to a grass silage-based diet reduce ruminal CH4emission and milk saturated fatty acids, and increase the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids and total conjugated linoleic acid while not interfering with digestibility, rumen fermentation, rumen microbial quantities, or milk production.
机译： 抽象 检查了链长或不饱和度不同的四种脂质补充剂对牛奶产量和组成的影响，瘤胃CH 4 泌乳奶牛的排放，瘤胃发酵，养分利用和微生物生态。五只装有瘤胃插管的北欧红牛在5×5的拉丁方中使用了五个28天的周期。处理方法包括以草料青贮饲料为基础的总混合日粮，草料与浓缩物的比例为60:40，不添加脂质（CO）或肉豆蔻酸（MA）的日粮干物质（DM）50 g / kg，菜籽油（ RO），红花油（SO）或亚麻子油（LO）。与CO相比，饲喂MA导致最低的DM摄入量，而RO饲喂的DM减少DM摄入量。MA饲喂的产量降低了牛奶，牛奶成分和能量校正牛奶的产量。植物油不影响牛奶和牛奶成分的产量，但与一氧化碳相比降低了牛奶蛋白质含量。处理与瘤胃发酵特性没有影响，但与饲喂MA，RO和SO相比，氨氮浓度增加了，与脂质补充剂可减少每日瘤胃CH 4 排放；但是，这种反应在某种程度上是由于采食量降低所致。脂质可改变微生物群落结构，而不会影响细菌，古细菌和纤毛原生动物的总数。饮食处理对有机物，纤维和总能量的表观总道消化率没有影响。处理不影响牛奶中分泌的能量（占能量摄入的比例）或饮食中氮的利用效率。所有脂质均降低了乳腺中从头脂肪酸的合成。植物油增加了乳脂18：0， cis 18：1， trans 和单不饱和脂肪酸的比例，并且降低了饱和脂肪酸的比例与CO和MA。 SO和LO均增加了总多不饱和脂肪酸，总共轭亚麻酸和 cis -9， trans -11共轭亚油酸的比例酸。进料MA明显增加了脂肪酸的Δ 9 去饱和度。我们的结果提供了令人信服的证据，表明以草青贮饲料为基础的植物油可减少瘤胃CH 4 排放和牛奶中的饱和脂肪酸，并增加不饱和脂肪的比例酸和总共轭亚油酸，但不影响消化率，瘤胃发酵，瘤胃微生物数量或产奶量。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Journal of dairy science》 |2018年第2期|1136-1151|共16页
  • 作者

    A.R. Bayat; I. Tapio; J. Vilkki; K.J. Shingfield; H. Leskinen;

  • 作者单位

    Milk Production Solutions, Green Technology, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke);

    Animal Genomics, Green Technology, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke);

    Animal Genomics, Green Technology, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke);

    Milk Production Solutions, Green Technology, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke);

    Milk Production Solutions, Green Technology, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke);

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    lipids; methane; milk fatty acids; microbial diversity;

    机译：脂质;甲烷;牛奶脂肪酸;微生物多样性;

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