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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of dairy science >The effect of high and low levels of supplementation on milk production, nitrogen utilization efficiency, and milk protein fractions in late-lactation dairy cows
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The effect of high and low levels of supplementation on milk production, nitrogen utilization efficiency, and milk protein fractions in late-lactation dairy cows

机译：高和低添加量对泌乳后期奶牛的产奶量，氮利用效率和乳蛋白含量的影响

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摘要

To fill the feed deficit in the autumn/late lactation period in a seasonal grazing system, supplementation is required. This study aimed to investigate the use of baled grass silage or concentrate as supplementation to grazing dairy cows in late lactation. Eighty-four grass-based spring-calving dairy cows, averaging 212 d in milk, were allocated to 1 of 6 treatments [high grass allowance (HG), low grass allowance (LG), grass with a low concentrate allocation (GCL), grass with a low grass silage allocation (GSL), grass with a high concentrate allocation (GCH), and grass with a high grass silage allocation (GSH)] to measure the effects of using baled grass silage or concentrate as supplements to grazed grass. Effects on intake, milk yield, milk composition and N fractions, and N utilization efficiency were measured. Treatments HG and LG received 17 and 14 kg of dry matter (DM) grass/cow per d, respectively. Treatments GCL and GSL were offered 14 kg of DM grass/cow per d and 3 kg of DM of supplementation/cow per d. Treatments GCH and GSH were offered 11 kg of DM grass/cow per d and 6 kg of DM of supplementation/cow per d. Milk yield was greatest in the GCH treatment and milk solids yield was greatest in both concentrate-supplemented treatments. The HG and LG treatments excreted a greater quantity of N as a proportion of N intake than the supplemented treatments. The HG treatment also excreted the greatest total quantity of N. This indicates an improvement in N utilization efficiency when supplementation is offered compared with grazing only. Offering 6 kg of DM of either grass silage or concentrate as supplementation decreased milk true protein concentration compared with offering a grass-only diet. This suggests that increasing the proportion of supplementation relative to grass may negatively affect milk processability, which is associated with milk true protein concentration.
机译：为了弥补季节性放牧系统在秋季/晚期哺乳期的饲料不足，需要补充饲料。这项研究的目的是研究在后期哺乳期使用打包的青贮饲料或浓缩饲料作为放牧奶牛的补充。将八十二只平均产奶量为212 d的春季产犊的奶牛分配到6种处理方法中的一种[高草量（HG），低草量（LG），低精矿量（GCL），草青贮分配量较低（GSL）的草，精矿分配量较高的草（GCH）和草青贮分配量较高的草（GSH）]，以测量使用打包草青贮饲料或浓缩物作为放牧草的补充剂的效果。测量了对摄入量，牛奶产量，牛奶成分和氮含量以及氮利用效率的影响。处理HG和LG分别每天接受17和14 kg干物质（DM）草/牛。每天给GCL和GSL处理14公斤DM草/牛和3公斤DM补充物/牛。 GCH和GSH的治疗方法是每d提供11公斤DM草/牛和6 d DM补品/牛。在GCH处理中，牛奶产量最高，在两种浓缩液中，牛奶固体产量最高。与补充处理相比，HG和LG处理排出的N占N摄入量的比例更大。 HG处理还排泄了最多的N。这表明与仅放牧相比，提供补充剂后N利用效率得到了提高。与仅提供草料的饮食相比，提供6千克DM的草青贮饲料或浓缩物作为补充会降低牛奶的真实蛋白质浓度。这表明增加相对于草的添加比例可能会对牛奶的加工性能产生负面影响，这与牛奶的真实蛋白质浓度有关。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of dairy science》 |2015年第8期|5529-5544|共16页
  • 作者

    M. Reid; M. ODonovan; J. P. Murphy; C. Fleming; E. Kennedy; E. Lewis;

  • 作者单位

    Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland,Institute of Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AY, UK;

    Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland;

    Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland;

    Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland;

    Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland;

    Teagasc, Animal & Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork, Ireland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);美国《化学文摘》(CA);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    nutrition; grass silage; grass; concentrate; nitrogen; milk protein;

    机译：营养;青贮青草;草;浓缩;氮;牛奶蛋白;

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