In her book, Chutes and Ladders: Navigating the Low-Wage Labor Market, Katherine Newman traces the career paths of nearly three hundred mostly black and Hispanic individuals who were either employed at, or had unsuccessfully applied to, one of four fast food establishments in Harlem between 1993 and 1994. Newman never reveals the identity of these fast food establishments, but she tells us that they are from the same national chain, which she gives the fictitious name Burger Barn.
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