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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Energy Storage >Hysteresis and current dependence of the graphite anode color in a lithium-ion cell and analysis of lithium plating at the cell edge
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Hysteresis and current dependence of the graphite anode color in a lithium-ion cell and analysis of lithium plating at the cell edge

机译：锂离子电池中石墨阳极颜色的磁滞和电流依赖性以及电池边缘的锂镀层分析

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摘要

While charging a lithium-ion cell the color of the graphite anode changes as a function of the degree of lithiation. The color of the graphite anode is described in the literature starting from black, through red, to gold. Our ex-situ observations of the graphite anode on opened cells reveal that color differences exist at the same state of charge depending on the charge and discharge direction. This color hysteresis also remains after any length of waiting time. A current dependency of the color can also be seen, with colors which do not correspond to the average state of charge of the graphite anode. Closer investigations show that these colors are homogeneously distributed throughout the anode and do not vary with the layer depth. During charging, high states of charge and during discharging low states of charge exist on the surface of the particles compared with the average state of charge of the graphite anode. This inhomogeneity between particle surface and core subsequently equilibrates with a time constant of approx. 13 min at room temperature. The precise color analysis of the graphite anode helps to explain another effect: the frequently occurring lithium plating on the edge of the graphite anode for cells with an anode overhang. This overhang causes overcharging of the edge area of the cathode. Lateral inhomogeneities of the lithium-ion distribution are formed in the cathode at each cycle. When charging the cell with high current, lithium plating is therefore formed first directly opposite the cathode edge. Minimizing the overhang area can substantially reduce the susceptibility to lithium plating.
机译：给锂离子电池充电时，石墨阳极的颜色随锂化程度的变化而变化。文献中描述了石墨阳极的颜色，从黑色到红色一直到金色。我们对开孔的石墨阳极的异位观察表明，取决于充电和放电方向，在相同的充电状态下存在色差。在任何等待时间后，此颜色滞后也会保留。还可以看到颜色的电流依赖性，其中颜色不对应于石墨阳极的平均电荷状态。进一步的研究表明，这些颜色均匀地分布在整个阳极中，并且不会随层深而变化。与石墨阳极的平均电荷状态相比，在充电期间，颗粒的表面上存在高电荷状态，而在放电过程中存在低电荷状态。颗粒表面和核之间的不均匀性随后以约3的时间常数达到平衡。在室温下13分钟。石墨阳极的精确颜色分析有助于解释另一种效果：对于阳极悬垂的电池，经常在石墨阳极边缘镀锂。该突出导致阴极的边缘区域过度充电。在每个循环中，在阴极中形成锂离子分布的横向不均匀性。因此，当用大电流对电池充电时，首先直接在阴极边缘的对面形成锂镀层。使悬垂面积最小化可以大大降低对锂电镀的敏感性。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Energy Storage》 |2018年第2期|17-22|共6页
  • 作者

    F. Grimsmann; T. Gerbert; F. Brauchle; A. Gruhle; J. Parisi; M. Knipper;

  • 作者单位

    Daimler AG, Research & Development, Wilhelm-Runge-Str. 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany,Carl von Ossietzky University, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany;

    Daimler AG, Research & Development, Wilhelm-Runge-Str. 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany;

    Daimler AG, Research & Development, Wilhelm-Runge-Str. 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany;

    Daimler AG, Research & Development, Wilhelm-Runge-Str. 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany;

    Carl von Ossietzky University, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany;

    Carl von Ossietzky University, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, D-26129 Oldenburg, Germany;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Graphite; State of charge; Color hysteresis; Relaxation; Lithium plating;

    机译：石墨;充电状态;颜色滞后;松弛;镀锂;

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