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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Environmental Science and Health >An integrated use of multiple biomarkers to investigate the individual and combined effect of copper and cadmium on the marine green mussel (Perna viridis)
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An integrated use of multiple biomarkers to investigate the individual and combined effect of copper and cadmium on the marine green mussel (Perna viridis)

机译：综合使用多种生物标记物来研究铜和镉对海洋绿贻贝（Perna viridis）的单独作用和联合作用

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摘要

The present study documents individual and combined sub-lethal effect of one redox active (copper) and one non-redox active (cadmium) metal on green mussel (Perna viridis). The mussels were exposed to 60 μg L~(-1) of Cu and 150 μg L~(-1) of Cd (individually and in combination) for 21 days. Histopathological and ultrastructural studies revealed significant metal induced alterations such as vacuolization, fusion of gill lamellae, enhance mucous deposition, hyperplasia and necrosis in gills. Antioxidant enzyme assays revealed significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity. Similarly, single exposure to Cd and Cu caused significant induction in Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) activity. However, combined Cu+Cd exposure modulated suppression in MDH activity. Unlike MDH, Cu and Cd individual exposure resulted in a decrease in esterase (EST) activity, but their combined exposure caused an induction. Non-enzymatic biomarkers such as lipid peroxidation (LPO) and metallothionein (MT) levels showed no significant change in response to Cu exposure, whereas, individual Cd exposure or Cd exposure in combination with Cu caused significant changes in their levels. Comet assay revealed a significant increase in DNA damage upon metal exposure. These results indicate that Cu (redox active) and Cd (non-redox active) can induce measurable physiological, biochemical as well as genotoxic perturbations in mussels even at sub-lethal concentrations. A monitoring programme based on the biomarkers discussed here would be useful to study the effect of metal pollutants reaching the coastal waters.
机译：本研究记录了一种对绿贻贝（Perna viridis）的氧化还原活性（铜）和一种非氧化还原活性（镉）金属的单独和组合亚致死作用。将贻贝暴露于60μgL〜（-1）的Cu和150μgL〜（-1）的Cd（单独和组合）暴露21天。组织病理学和超微结构研究表明，金属引起的显着变化，例如空泡化，g片融合，增强粘液沉积，hyper的增生和坏死。抗氧化酶测定显示超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），谷胱甘肽S-转移酶（GST）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）活性显着增加。同样，一次暴露于Cd和Cu会引起苹果酸脱氢酶（MDH）活性的显着诱导。但是，组合的Cu + Cd暴露调节了MDH活性的抑制。与MDH不同，Cu和Cd的单独暴露导致酯酶（EST）活性降低，但是它们的联合暴露引起诱导。非酶生物标志物，例如脂质过氧化（LPO）和金属硫蛋白（MT）的水平对铜的暴露无明显变化，而单独的Cd暴露或Cd暴露与Cu的结合引起其水平的显着变化。彗星试验表明，金属暴露后DNA损伤显着增加。这些结果表明，即使在亚致死浓度下，Cu（氧化还原活性）和Cd（非氧化还原活性）也可以在贻贝中引起可测量的生理，生化和遗传毒性扰动。基于此处讨论的生物标记物的监测程序将有助于研究金属污染物到达沿海水域的影响。

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