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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health >Methodological issues in studies of air pollution and daily counts of deaths or hospital admissions
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Methodological issues in studies of air pollution and daily counts of deaths or hospital admissions

机译：空气污染和每日死亡人数或住院人数研究中的方法论问题

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Study objective - To review the issues and methodologies in epidemiologic time series studies of daily counts of mortality and hospital admissions and illustrate some of the methodologies. Design - This is a review paper with an example drawn from hospital admissions of the elderly in Cleveland, Ohio, USA. Main results - The central issue is control for seasonality. Both over and under control are possible, and the use of diagnostics, including plots, is necessary. Weather dependence is probably non-linear, and adequate methods are necessary to adjust for this. In Cleveland, the use of categorical variables for weather and sinusoidal terms for filtering season are illustrated. After control for season, weather, and day of the week effects, hospital admission of persons aged 65 and older in Cleveland for respiratory illness was associated with ozone (RR= 1.09, 95% CI 1.02, 1.16) and participates (PM_(10) (RR = 1.12, 95% CI 1-01, 1-24), and marginally associated with sulphur dioxide (SO_2) (RR=1.03, 95% CI = 0.99, 1.06). All of the relative risks are for a 100 μg/m~3 increase in the pollutant. Conclusions - Several adequate methods exist to control for weather and seasonality while examining the associations between air pollution and daily counts of mortality and morbidity. In each case, care and judgement are required.
机译：研究目标-回顾流行病学时间序列研究中每日死亡人数和住院人数的问题和方法，并举例说明一些方法。设计-这是一篇评论文件，并以美国俄亥俄州克利夫兰的老年人住院情况为例。主要结果-核心问题是控制季节性。过度和控制之下都是可能的，并且必须使用诊断程序（包括绘图）。天气相关性可能是非线性的，为此必须采用适当的方法进行调整。在克利夫兰（Cleveland），说明了使用天气类别变量和过滤季节的正弦项。在控制季节，天气和星期几的影响后，克利夫兰因呼吸系统疾病而住院的65岁及65岁以上的患者入院与臭氧相关（RR = 1.09，95％CI 1.02，1.16），并参与了治疗（PM_（10） （RR = 1.12，95％CI 1-01，1-24），与二氧化硫（SO_2）略有关联（RR = 1.03，95％CI = 0.99，1.06）。所有相对危险度均为100μg结论：-存在几种适当的方法来控制天气和季节性，同时检查空气污染与每日死亡率和发病率之间的关系，每种情况下都需要谨慎和判断。

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