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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Ethology >Why some tits store food and others do not: evaluation of ecological factors
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Why some tits store food and others do not: evaluation of ecological factors

机译：为什么有些山雀存储食物而其他山雀不存储食物：生态因素评估

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Paridae are among the bird families benefiting from food storing. However, not all its members hoard food. Our objective was to clarify the role of ecological factors in occurrence of food storing. We reviewed the data on major ecological characteristics of the Paridae species and analysed their association with the presence/absence of food storing. Our statistical model revealed that geography (distribution in North America) and taxonomy (genus Poecile) are better predictors of food storing than any of the studied ecological traits. Nevertheless, food-storing Poecile species inhabit mixed or coniferous woodlands with seasonal richness of food, while non-storing species tend to prefer edge and open habitats, where alternative food sources are available. Sociality and territoriality outside breeding season coincides with food storing. The analysis performed within the Baeolophus–Lophophanes–Periparus–Poecile clade with ancestral food storing revealed no factor except continental climate that would explain the persistence of food storing. The phylogenetic analysis of ancestral states of the studied characters allowed us to propose a possible scenario for the emergence of food storing in Paridae. (1) Food storing is not ancestral in Paridae and appeared only once in the common ancestor of the Baeolophus–Lophophanes–Periparus–Poecile group. (2) According to estimation of molecular clock in Paridae, food storing appeared before their radiation in North America.
机译：鹦鹉科是受益于食物存储的鸟类。但是，并非所有成员都ard积食物。我们的目标是弄清生态因素在食物储藏中的作用。我们审查了有关Paridae物种主要生态特征的数据，并分析了它们与食物存储存在/不存在的关联。我们的统计模型表明，地理学（北美地区的分布）和分类学（Poecile属）比任何研究的生态性状更好地预测食物储藏。然而，储存食物的Poecile物种居住在混合或针叶林中，具有季节性的食物丰富性，而非储存物种倾向于偏向边缘和开放的栖息地，那里有其他食物来源。繁殖季节以外的社会性和地域性与食物储藏相吻合。在具有原始食物储藏的Baeolophus-Lophophanes-Periparus-Poecile进化枝中进行的分析表明，除了大陆性气候以外，没有任何因素可以解释食物储藏的持久性。对所研究字符的祖先状态进行系统发育分析，使我们能够提出一种可能的情况，以供人们食用Paridae中的食物。 （1）在帕里达科，食物储藏不是祖先，在Baeolophus-Lophophanes-Periparus-Poecile组的共同祖先中只出现过一次。 （2）根据Paridae的分子钟估计，食物储存是在北美辐射之前出现的。

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