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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of European Integration >The GMO Panel: Applications of WTO Law to Trade in Agricultural Biotech Products
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The GMO Panel: Applications of WTO Law to Trade in Agricultural Biotech Products

机译：GMO小组：WTO法律在农业生物技术产品贸易中的应用

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摘要

One of the most important, and certainly the hardest fought, of World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement cases was 'EC-measures affecting the approval and marketing of biotech products'. Released in September 2006 after a legal process of more than three years, the 'GMO Panel' arguably found against aspects of the EC's legal regime for trading and marketing of genetically modified organisms (GMO) products. This paper examines the implications of three legal questions that flow from the GMO case, and concludes by looking at the political situation the case presents for the EC and the complainants, namely, Argentina, Canada and the USA. First, the paper explains why the Panel relied on the Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Agreement as opposed to other WTO agreements that might have been more favourable to the EC. Secondly, the limited role of the Precautionary Principle in the Panel's analysis is examined. Thirdly, the paper explores the Panel's view of the meaning and importance of scientific risk assessment in trade policy actions on GMOs. Finally, the paper reviews the political alternatives that face the EC, the complainants and the WTO if compliance with the Panel's recommendation is not achieved.
机译：世界贸易组织（WTO）争端解决案件中最重要，也是最艰难的斗争之一是“影响生物技术产品批准和销售的EC措施”。经过三年多的法律程序批准，2006年9月发布的“ GMO专家组”可以说是违反了EC有关转基因生物（GMO）产品交易和销售法律体系的规定。本文研究了转基因生物案件中涉及的三个法律问题的含义，并通过考察该案件为欧共体和申诉人（即阿根廷，加拿大和美国）带来的政治局势而得出结论。首先，本文解释了专家组为何依赖《卫生与植物检疫（SPS）协定》而不是可能对欧共体更为有利的其他WTO协定。第二，审查了预防原则在小组分析中的有限作用。第三，本文探讨了评估小组对转基因生物贸易政策行动中科学风险评估的意义和重要性的看法。最后，本文回顾了如果未能达到小组的建议，则欧共体，申诉人和世贸组织面临的政治选择。

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