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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >ABA receptors: the START of a new paradigm in phytohormone signalling
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ABA receptors: the START of a new paradigm in phytohormone signalling

机译：ABA受体：植物激素信号传导新范式的开始

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The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a central role in plant development and in plant adaptation to both biotic and abiotic stressors. In recent years, knowledge of ABA metabolism and signal transduction has advanced rapidly to provide detailed glimpses of the hormone's activities at the molecular level. Despite this progress, many gaps in understanding have remained, particularly at the early stages of ABA perception by the plant cell. The search for an ABA receptor protein has produced multiple candidates, including GCR2, GTG1, and GTG2, and CHLH. In addition to these candidates, in 2009 several research groups converged on a novel family of Arabidopsis proteins that bind ABA, and thereby interact directly with a class of protein phosphatases that are well known as critical players in ABA signal transduction. The PYR/PYL/RCAR receptor family is homologous to the Bet v 1-fold and START domain proteins. It consists of 14 members, nearly all of which appear capable of participating in an ABA receptor–signal complex that responds to the hormone by activating the transcription of ABA-responsive genes. Evidence is provided here that PYR/PYL/RCAR receptors can also drive the phosphorylation of the slow anion channel SLAC1 to provide a fast and timely response to the ABA signal. Crystallographic studies have vividly shown the mechanics of ABA binding to PYR/PYL/RCAR receptors, presenting a model that bears some resemblance to the binding of gibberellins to GID1 receptors. Since this ABA receptor family is highly conserved in crop species, its discovery is likely to usher a new wave of progress in the elucidation and manipulation of plant stress responses in agricultural settings.
机译：植物激素脱落酸（ABA）在植物发育以及植物对生物和非生物胁迫源的适应中起着核心作用。近年来，ABA代谢和信号转导的知识迅速发展，可以在分子水平上详细了解激素的活性。尽管取得了这一进展，但在理解上仍然存在许多空白，尤其是在植物细胞对ABA感知的早期阶段。寻找ABA受体蛋白已经产生了多种候选基因，包括GCR2，GTG1和GTG2以及CHLH。除了这些候选物外，2009年，几个研究小组还集中研究了一个新的结合ABA的拟南芥蛋白家族，从而直接与一类蛋白磷酸酶相互作用，这些蛋白磷酸酶是ABA信号转导中的关键角色。 PYR / PYL / RCAR受体家族与Bet v 1倍和START结构域蛋白同源。它由14个成员组成，几乎所有成员似乎都能够参与ABA受体-信号复合体，该复合体通过激活ABA反应性基因的转录来对激素作出反应。此处提供的证据表明，PYR / PYL / RCAR受体还可以驱动慢速阴离子通道SLAC1的磷酸化，从而对ABA信号提供快速及时的响应。晶体学研究生动地表明了ABA与PYR / PYL / RCAR受体结合的机理，提出了一种与赤霉素与GID1受体结合的模型相似的模型。由于该ABA受体家族在农作物物种中高度保守，因此其发现很可能在农业环境中阐明和操纵植物胁迫反应方面迎来新的发展浪潮。

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