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Rubisco gene expression in C4 plants

机译：Rubisco基因在C 4 植物中的表达

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In leaves of most C4 plants, ribulose 1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase (Rubisco) accumulates only in bundle sheath (bs) cells that surround the vascular centres, and not in mesophyll (mp) cells. It has been shown previously that in the C4 dicots amaranth and Flaveria bidentis, post-transcriptional control of mRNA translation and stability mediate the C4 expression patterns of genes encoding the large and small Rubisco subunits (chloroplast rbcL and nuclear RbcS, respectively). Translational control appears to regulate bs cell-specific Rubisco gene expression during early dicot leaf development, while control of mRNA stability appears to mediate bs-specific accumulation of RbcS and rbcL transcripts in mature leaves. Post-transcriptional control is also involved in the regulation of Rubisco gene expression by light, and in response to photosynthetic activity. Transgenic and transient expression studies in F. bidentis provide direct evidence for post-transcriptional control of bs cell-specific RbcS expression, which is mediated by the 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions (UTRs) of the mRNA. Comparisons of Rubisco gene expression in these dicots and in the monocot maize indicates possible commonalities in the regulation of RbcS and rbcL genes in these divergent C4 species. Now that the role of post-transcriptional regulation in C4 gene expression has been established, it is likely that future studies of mRNA–protein interactions will address long-standing questions about the establishment and maintenance of cell type-specificity in these plants. Some of these regulatory mechanisms may have ancestral origins in C3 species, through modification of pre-existing factors, or by the acquisition of novel C4 processes.
机译：在大多数C 4 植物的叶子中，核糖1,5双磷酸羧化酶（Rubisco）仅在围绕血管中心的束鞘（bs）细胞中积累，而在叶肉（mp）细胞中不积累。先前已证明，在C 4 双子叶植物a菜和黄Fla中，mRNA翻译和稳定性的转录后控制介导了编码大基因的基因的C 4 表达方式。和小的Rubisco亚基（分别为叶绿体rbcL和核RbcS）。翻译控制似乎在双子叶植物早期叶片发育过程中调节bs细胞特异性Rubisco基因表达，而对mRNA稳定性的控制似乎在成熟叶片中介导RbcS和rbcL转录本的bs特异性积累。转录后控制还参与光对Rubisco基因表达的调节，以及对光合作用的响应。在双歧杆菌中的转基因和瞬时表达研究为bs细胞特异性RbcS表达的转录后控制提供了直接的证据，后者由mRNA的5'和3'非翻译区（UTR）介导。这些双子叶植物和单子叶植物玉米中Rubisco基因表达的比较表明，在这些不同的C 4 物种的RbcS和rbcL基因的调控中可能存在共性。既然已经确定了转录后调控在C 4 基因表达中的作用，那么未来mRNA与蛋白质相互作用的研究可能将解决关于细胞类型的建立和维持的长期问题。这些植物的特异性。这些调节机制中的某些可能通过改变现有因素或通过获得新的C 4 过程而起源于C 3 物种。

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