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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Effects of the Sharksafe barrier on white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) behavior and its implications for future conservation technologies
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Effects of the Sharksafe barrier on white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) behavior and its implications for future conservation technologies

机译：鲨鱼安全屏障对白鲨（Carcharodon carcharias）行为的影响及其对未来保护技术的影响

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摘要

The white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) is an apex predator and is a protected species that suffers from several sources of anthropogenic mortality, such as shark nets. Shark nets are devices used to minimize the interaction between beachgoers and potentially dangerous sharks; however, these nets have negatively impacted local and migratory shark populations, in addition to killing substantial quantities of other marine organisms. To address this issue, the present study developed and examined the effects of an alternative technology (the "Sharksafe" barrier) composed of two stimuli: (1) visual-artificial-kelp and (2) electrosensory-magnets, on C. carcharias behavior. Generalized linear mixed effect models were used to test hypotheses pertaining to the effects of treatment type, exposure quantity (i.e. habituation), conspecific density, and water visibility on shark behavior. Analyses based on forty-nine, one-hour trials illustrate that the swim patterns of all sixty-three individual C carcharias was altered in the presence of the artificial kelp-the procedural control region, and the magnetic kelp-the magnetic region of the barrier (i.e. procedural control and magnetic regions reduced entrance frequency and increased avoidance and pass around frequency). Also, preliminary observations illustrated that the barrier had no observable impact on Cape fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) behavior. The C carcharias-specific repellency associated with the Sharksafe barrier and the ability of the barrier to withstand harsh environmental conditions warrant future experiments to assess its exclusion capabilities on predatory sharks and possible application to replace shark nets.
机译：白鲨（Carcharodon carcharias）是一种天敌，是受保护的物种，有多种人为致死因素，例如鲨鱼网。鲨鱼网是用来最大程度减少泳客和潜在危险鲨鱼之间的相互作用的设备；但是，这些网除了杀死了大量其他海洋生物外，还对当地和迁徙的鲨鱼种群造成了负面影响。为了解决这个问题，本研究开发并研究了由两种刺激物组成的替代技术（“鲨鱼安全”屏障）的影响：（1）视觉人工海带和（2）电感应磁体对炭疽菌的行为。广义线性混合效应模型用于检验与处理类型，暴露量（即习惯性），同种密度和水可见度对鲨鱼行为的影响有关的假设。基于四十九个一小时试验的分析表明，在人工海带（程序控制区域）和磁性海带（磁性屏障）的磁性区域的存在下，所有六十三个单个碳char的游泳方式均发生了改变（即程序控制和磁性区域降低了进入频率，增加了回避和绕过频率）。此外，初步观察结果表明，该屏障对海角海狗（Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus）的行为没有可观察到的影响。与鲨鱼安全屏障相关的C碳氢化合物特定的排斥性以及该屏障承受恶劣环境条件的能力，有待于未来进行实验，以评估其对掠夺性鲨鱼的排斥能力，并可能替代鲨鱼网。

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    Craig P. OConnell; Sara Andreotti; Michael Rutzen; Michael Meyeer; Conrad A. Matthee; Pingguo He;

  • 作者单位

    School of Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, New Bedford, MA 02740, USA,O'Seas Conservation Foundation, Bronx, NY 10463, USA;

    Evolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa;

    Shark Diving Unlimited, Kleinbaai, Gansbaai, 7220, South Africa;

    Department of Environmental Affairs, Branch Oceans and Coasts, Private Bag X2, Roggebaai 8012, South Africa;

    Evolutionary Genomics Group, Department of Botany and Zoology, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa;

    School of Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, New Bedford, MA 02740, USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Sharksafe barrier; White shark; Carcharodon carcharias; Magnets; Shark nets; Kwa-Zulu Natal;

    机译：鲨鱼安全屏障;白鲨;Carcharodon carcharias;磁铁;鲨鱼网夸祖鲁纳塔尔;

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