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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Experimental test of preference by a generalist piscivore on morphologically- and behaviorally- different prey
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Experimental test of preference by a generalist piscivore on morphologically- and behaviorally- different prey

机译：通才食肉动物对形态和行为不同的猎物的偏爱的实验测试

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Generalist predators can have wide diet breadths that are influenced by the relative abundance of different prey available to them, making it difficult to determine prey preference from field observations. To ascertain preference, controlled experimentation is required that accounts for prey-specific variation in the time it takes to search, capture, and consume the prey; all of which can be affected by its morphology and behavior. Based on previous stomach content studies, Pinfish, Lagodon rhomboides and Clown Gobies, Microgobius gulosus. comprise a substantial proportion of the diet of Spotted Seatrout, Cynoscion rtebulosus, despite strong differences in the morphology and behavior of these prey. Pinfish are demersal, deep-bodied fish that form loose aggregations with strong dorsal- and anal-fin spines that shoal in large aggregations, whereas Clown Gobies are benthic, shallow-bodied fish with weaker fin spines and are solitary but evenly distributed over the substrate. We conducted controlled, laboratory feeding experiments to test prey preference by Spotted Seatrout for these two common prey. Spotted Seatrout did not exhibit a feeding preference for either Pinfish or Clown Gobies, despite the strong differences in morphology and behavior. However, we observed higher consumption rates of the Clown Goby, but not the Pinfish, during 24-hour trials compared to those lasting 48 hours. This suggests that the densities of a solitary prey, but not a shoaling one, may have influenced search times by the generalist predator. Our experiments highlight the complexities of feeding behaviors by a generalist predator in highly dynamic ecosystems.
机译：通才的捕食者可能具有广泛的饮食广度，受其所能获得的不同猎物相对丰富程度的影响，因此很难从野外观察中确定猎物的偏好。为了确定偏好，需要进行受控实验，以说明猎物在搜索，捕获和消耗猎物上所花费的时间变化。所有这些都会受到其形态和行为的影响。根据先前的胃液含量研究，品鱼（Pinfish），泻湖菱形（Lagodon rhomboides）和小丑戈比（Clown Gobies），鼠尾草（Microgobius gulosus）。尽管这些猎物的形态和行为存在很大差异，但它们仍然占斑斑食蟹（Cynoscion rtebulosus）饮食的很大一部分。 fish鱼是深海鱼类，体形深沉，形成松散的聚集体，背侧和肛门鳍棘突密集，并以较大的聚集体聚集；而whereas虾是底栖浅体鱼，鳍状棘突较弱，单生但均匀地分布在底物上。我们进行了受控的实验室喂养实验，以测试Spotted Seatrout对这两种常见猎物的猎物偏好。尽管在形态和行为上有很大差异，但发现的西特鲁特犬并没有表现出对Pinfish或小丑戈比的觅食偏好。但是，我们观察到，在24小时的试验中，小丑虾虎鱼的食用率较高，而持续48小时的食用率更高。这表明，孤立捕食者的密度而不是浅滩猎物的密度可能会影响多面体捕食者的搜索时间。我们的实验突出了通才捕食者在高度动态的生态系统中喂养行为的复杂性。

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