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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Economies of scaling: More evidence that allometry of metabolism is linked to activity, metabolic rate and habitat
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Economies of scaling: More evidence that allometry of metabolism is linked to activity, metabolic rate and habitat

机译：规模经济：更多证据表明代谢异速症与活动，代谢率和栖息地有关

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Organismal metabolic rates influence many ecological processes, and the mass-specific metabolic rate of organisms decreases with increasing body mass according to a power law. The exponent in this equation is commonly thought to be the three-quarter-power of body mass, determined by fundamental physical laws that extend across taxa. However, recent work has cast doubt as to the universality of this relationship, the value of 0.75 being an interspecies 'average' of scaling exponents that vary naturally between certain boundaries. There is growing evidence that metabolic scaling varies significantly between even closely related species, and that different values can be associated with lifestyle, activity and metabolic rates. Here we show that the value of the metabolic scaling exponent varies within a group of marine ectotherms, chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora: Mopaliidae), and that differences in the scaling relationship may be linked to species-specific adaptations to different but overlapping microhabitats. Oxygen consumption rates of six closely related, co-occurring chiton species from the eastern Pacific (Vancouver Island, British Columbia) were examined under controlled experimental conditions. Results show that the scaling exponent varies between species (between 0.64 and 0.91). Different activity levels, metabolic rates and lifestyle may explain this variation. The interspecific scaling exponent in these data is not significantly different from the archetypal 0.75 value, even though five out of six species-specific values are significantly different from that value. Our data suggest that studies using commonly accepted values such as 0.75 derived from theoretical models to extrapolate metabolic data of species to population or community levels should consider the likely variation in exponents that exists in the real world, or seek to encompass such error in their models. This study, as in numerous previous ones, demonstrates that scaling exponents show large, naturally occurring variation, and provides more evidence against the existence of a universal scaling law.
机译：生物新陈代谢速率影响许多生态过程，根据幂定律，生物的特定质量代谢速率会随着体重的增加而降低。该方程式的指数通常被认为是体重的四分之三，由横跨整个分类群的基本物理定律确定。但是，最近的工作使人们对这种关系的普遍性产生了怀疑，0.75的值是标度指数的种间“平均值”，标度指数在某些边界之间自然变化。越来越多的证据表明，即使在密切相关的物种之间，代谢比例也显着不同，并且不同的值可能与生活方式，活动和代谢率相关。在这里，我们显示了代谢缩放指数的值在一组海洋等温线，Chitons（软体动物：Polyplacophora：Mopaliidae）中有所不同，并且缩放关系的差异可能与特定物种对不同但重叠的微生境的适应有关。在受控的实验条件下，检查了来自东太平洋（不列颠哥伦比亚省温哥华岛）的六种紧密相关的共生Chiton物种的耗氧率。结果表明，缩放指数在物种之间变化（介于0.64和0.91之间）。不同的活动水平，代谢率和生活方式可能解释了这种差异。这些数据中的种间缩放指数与原型0.75值没有显着差异，即使六种特定物种的值中有五种与该值有显着差异。我们的数据表明，使用从理论模型得出的普遍接受的值（例如0.75）将物种的代谢数据外推到种群或群落水平的研究应考虑现实世界中指数的可能变化，或试图在模型中包含此类误差。像以前的许多研究一样，该研究证明了缩放指数显示出自然的大变化，并提供了更多证据反对普遍缩放定律的存在。

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