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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Tracking sea turtle hatchlings - A pilot study using acoustic telemetry
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Tracking sea turtle hatchlings - A pilot study using acoustic telemetry

机译：追踪海龟幼体-使用声学遥测技术的先导研究

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摘要

Understanding the movements of turtle hatchings is essential for improved understanding of dispersal behaviour and ultimately survivorship, life history strategies and population connectivity. Yet investigation of in-water movement has been hampered by the small size of hatchlings relative to the size of available tracking technologies. This has resulted in the use of labour intensive visual tracking methods, or active tracking methods with high transmitter to body weight ratios. These methods are confounded by the presence of the observer, the size of the tag, usual small treatment sample sizes and studies that are constrained to daylight hours when turtles hatch predominantly at night. Passive acoustic monitoring using new miniature tags can overcome these limitations. We tested the effectiveness of active and passive acoustic tracking in monitoring turtle hatchling movement in order to measure the influence of artificial light on newly hatched turtles once they enter the water. A Vemco VR2W Positioning System (VPS) comprising an array of 18 VR2W receivers was deployed in the surf zone to detect signals from acoustic-coded transmitters (1.14 ±0.06% of body mass) attached to 26 flatback turtle hatchlings released into the array. A total of 1328 detections were recorded for 22 hatchlings with turtles spending a mean of 16.63 ± 5.89 min in the array. The test detection range for this technology in the surf-zone was 50-100 m and was influenced by wave noise and shallow deployment. Cyclonic conditions hampered the experiment and resulted in an inconclusive test of light effects. Three additional instrumented flatback hatchlings were followed in a small boat using a mobile acoustic receiver and directional hydrophone up to 2 km from shore. Passive acoustic monitoring is a viable technology for tracking small marine animals and removes many of the confounding effects of other telemetry methods. It has great potential to examine natural and anthropogenic factors influencing orientation and behaviour during a crucial stage in turtle life history - their initial movement from the beach through predator-rich, near shore waters. While the data obtained by passive acoustic monitoring is limited in its spatio-temporal coverage, being constrained by the size of the array, active acoustic tracking can be applied over larger scales. Such studies will be particularly important for assessing the impacts of anthropogenic pressures that have changed the natural light, noise or wave environments and for providing behavioural data to improve and validate bio-physical models of the migration and dispersal of young turtles.
机译：了解海龟孵化的运动对于更好地了解传播行为以及最终的生存，生活史策略和人口连通性至关重要。然而，相对于可用跟踪技术的规模而言，小规模的孵化场阻碍了对水中运动的研究。这导致使用劳动强度大的视觉跟踪方法或具有高发射器与体重比的主动跟踪方法。这些方法会因观察者的存在，标签的大小，通常的小处理样本大小以及限于乌龟主要在夜间孵化的白天而混淆。使用新型微型标签的无源声学监控可以克服这些限制。我们测试了主动和被动声学跟踪在监视龟孵化运动中的有效性，以测量人造光对刚孵出的海龟入水后的影响。在海浪区部署了由18个VR2W接收器组成的Vemco VR2W定位系统（VPS），以检测来自与安装在阵列中的26具平背海龟孵化器相连的声编码发射器（体重的1.14±0.06％）的信号。总共记录到13项检测结果，共发现22头孵化场，海龟在阵列中平均花费16.63±5.89分钟。该技术在海浪区的测试检测范围为50-100 m，并受到波浪噪声和浅层展开的影响。旋风条件阻碍了实验，并导致光效果的不确定性测试。在一条小船上使用移动声波接收器和定向水听器，在距海岸2公里以内的位置上跟踪了另外三个仪表性平背式孵化器。被动声监测是一种用于跟踪小型海洋动物的可行技术，它消除了其他遥测方法的许多混杂影响。它具有巨大的潜力，可以研究影响龟生活史的关键阶段的方向和行为的自然和人为因素，这些因素是它们从海滩到捕食者丰富的近岸水域的最初运动。尽管通过被动声波监测获得的数据在时空覆盖范围上受到限制，但受到阵列尺寸的限制，但主动声波跟踪可以应用于更大的规模。此类研究对于评估已改变自然光，噪声或波浪环境的人为压力的影响，以及提供行为数据以改善和验证幼龟迁移和扩散的生物物理模型，尤其重要。

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  • 作者

    Michele Thums; Scott D. Whiting; Julia W. Reisser; Kellie L Pendoley; Chari B. Pattiaratchi; Robert G. Harcourt; Clive R. McMahon; Mark G. Meekan;

  • 作者单位

    School of Environmental Systems Engineering and The UWA Oceans Institute(M470), University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia,Australian Institute of Marine Science c/o The UWA Oceans Institute (M096), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;

    Marine Science Program, Department of Environment and Conservation, 17 Dick Perry Av. Kensington, WA 6151, Australia;

    School of Environmental Systems Engineering and The UWA Oceans Institute(M470), University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;

    Pendoley Environmental Pry Ltd, 2/1 Aldous Place, Booragoon, WA 6154, Australia;

    School of Environmental Systems Engineering and The UWA Oceans Institute(M470), University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;

    Graduate School of the Environment, Macquarie University, North Ryde NSW 2109, Australia;

    Research Institute for the Environment and Livelihoods, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory 0909, Australia;

    Australian Institute of Marine Science c/o The UWA Oceans Institute (M096), 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    acoustic telemetry; in-water movement; VR2W positioning system;

    机译：声学遥测水中运动;VR2W定位系统;

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