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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Examination of small- and large-scale influences on the diet of an omnivorous polychaete indicates weak effects of upwelling
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Examination of small- and large-scale influences on the diet of an omnivorous polychaete indicates weak effects of upwelling

机译：对杂食性多毛羚的饮食进行小规模和大范围的检查表明，上升流的影响较弱

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摘要

The relationship between the distributions of predators and their prey is particularly strong for predators with specialised diets. Predicting the diet of omnivores is, however, more complex. We investigated the diet of the omnivorous nereidid polychaete, Pseudonereis variegata with respect to spatial scale, upwelling and small-scale behaviour. To investigate the diet of P. variegata across a range of spatial scales, shores in the Eastern and Western Regions, within the Warm Temperate South Coast (Agulhas) biogeographic province of South Africa were sampled. Two shores, kilometres apart within an area of upwelling and two within a non-upwelling area were sampled within each region. Gut-contents were composed of plants and animals. Neither region nor upwelling was found to affect the overall diet of P. variegata, with significant differences occurring only between shores in the Eastern Region. When the species were separated into plants and animals, in the Eastern Region, significantly more animals were consumed by P. variegata in the upwelling area compared to the non-upwelling area. Carefully designed laboratory experiments for preference showed that P. variegata consumed amphipods (various species of Gammaridae) and macroalgae (Hypnea spicifera), but rarely ate gastropods (Afrolittorina knysnaensis). It was clear that P. variegata rarely chose to eat gastropods, but there was no experimental evidence to support that they preferred amphipods and macroalgae over gastropods. Findings from the experiment based on gut-contents required knowledge of whether P. variegata were making active choices among the range prey that were available in the field. Similarly, the laboratory experiments in which individuals were offered different types of food required background knowledge of the entire suite of prey consumed and also an understanding of the broader-scale environmental factors influencing the diet of P. variegata. This study, therefore, highlights the usefulness of combining large-scale studies with carefully planned laboratory experiments that consider preferences for specific types of food.
机译：对于具有特殊饮食的食肉动物而言，食肉动物的分布与其食肉之间的关系特别牢固。然而，预测杂食动物的饮食更为复杂。我们就空间尺度，上升流和小规模行为调查了杂食性类神经性多毛cha（Pseudonereis variegata）的饮食。为了调查各种空间尺度上的斑节对虾的饮食，我们对南非温暖温带南部海岸（Agulhas）生物地理省内东部和西部地区的海岸进行了采样。在每个区域内，对上升流区域内相距数公里的两个海岸和非上升流区域内相距两个的海岸进行了采样。肠内容物由动植物组成。没有发现区域和上升流都影响杂色斑节对虾的整体饮食，只有东部地区的海岸之间存在显着差异。当将该物种分为动植物时，在东部地区，与非上升流区相比，上升流区的斑节对虾食用的动物明显更多。精心设计的实验室实验优选显示，杂色斑驳草消耗了两栖纲（各种种类的Gammaridae）和大型藻类（Hypnea spicifera），但很少食用腹足纲（Afrolittorina knysnaensis）。显然，斑节对虾很少选择吃腹足类动物，但是没有实验证据支持他们比腹足类动物更喜欢两栖类和大型藻类。从基于肠内容物的实验中获得的结果需要了解斑竹假单胞菌是否在野外捕食者中做出积极的选择。同样，向个人提供不同类型食物的实验室实验需要对整个整套猎物的消费有背景知识，也需要对影响斑竹假单胞菌饮食的更广泛环境因素的理解。因此，这项研究强调了将大规模研究与精心计划的实验室实验相结合的有用性，这些实验考虑了对特定类型食物的偏好。

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