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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Elevated seawater CO_2 concentrations impair larval development and reduce larval survival in endangered northern abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana)
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Elevated seawater CO_2 concentrations impair larval development and reduce larval survival in endangered northern abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana)

机译：海水中CO_2浓度升高会损害濒临灭绝的北部鲍鱼（Haliotis kamtschatkana）的幼体发育并降低其存活率

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Increasing levels of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the world's oceans are resulting in a decrease in the availability of carbonate ions and a drop in seawater pH. This process, known as ocean acidification, is a potential threat to marine populations via alterations in survival and development. To date, however, little research has examined the effects of ocean acidification on rare or endangered species. To begin to assess the impacts of acidification on endangered northern abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana) populations, we exposed H. kamtschatkana larvae to various levels of CO_2 [400 ppm (ambient), 800 ppm, and 1800 ppm CO_2] and measured survival, settlement, shell size, and shell development. Larval survival decreased by ca. 40% in elevated CO_2 treatments relative to the 400 ppm control. However, CO_2 had no effect on the proportion of surviving larvae that metamorphosed at the end of the experiment. Larval shell abnormalities became apparent in approximately 40% of larvae reared at 800 ppm CO_2, and almost all larvae reared at 1800 ppm CO_2 either developed an abnormal shell or lacked a shell completely. Of the larvae that did not show shell abnormalities, shell size was reduced by 5% at 800 ppm compared to the control. Overall, larval development of H. kamtschatkana was found to be sensitive to ocean acidification. Near future levels of CO_2 will likely pose a significant additional threat to this species, which is already endangered with extinction due in part to limited reproductive output and larval recruitment.
机译：世界海洋中人为二氧化碳水平的增加导致碳酸根离子的可用性下降和海水pH值下降。这个过程称为海洋酸化，它通过生存和发展的变化对海洋生物构成潜在威胁。然而，迄今为止，很少有研究检查海洋酸化对稀有或濒危物种的影响。为了开始评估酸化对濒临灭绝的北鲍鱼（Haliotis kamtschatkana）种群的影响，我们将汉普顿虾（H. kamtschatkana）幼虫暴露于不同水平的CO_2 [400 ppm（环境），800 ppm和1800 ppm CO_2]，并测量了生存，沉降，外壳尺寸和外壳开发。幼虫存活率降低了约相对于400 ppm的对照，CO_2处理量增加了40％。但是，CO_2对实验结束时变态的存活幼虫比例没有影响。在以800 ppm CO_2饲养的幼体中，约有40％的幼虫出现壳异常，几乎所有以1800 ppm CO_2饲养的幼体都发育出异常的壳或完全没有壳。与对照相比，在未显示壳异常的幼虫中，壳大小在800 ppm时降低了5％。总体而言，发现汉氏梭菌的幼虫发育对海洋酸化敏感。在不久的将来，CO_2的水平可能对该种构成进一步的威胁，而这种物种已经濒临灭绝，部分原因是生殖产量有限和幼体募集。

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