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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Mechanisms and consequences of competition between an alien mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, and an indigenous limpet, Scutellastra argenvillei
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Mechanisms and consequences of competition between an alien mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, and an indigenous limpet, Scutellastra argenvillei

机译：外来贻贝Mytilus galloprovincialis和本土帽贝Scutellastra argenvillei之间竞争的机制和后果

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摘要

The influence of an alien mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Lamarck) on an indigenous limpet Scutellastra argenvillei (Krauss) was investigated on the west coast of South Africa by comparing four situations in which limpets occupied rock patches surrounded by mussels: (1) 'established patches' of high-density adult limpets; (2) 'experimentally cleared patches' from which mussels were manually removed; (3) 'naturally disturbed patches' where mussels had been eliminated by wave action; and (4) 'half-density' patches formed by thinning established patches. Limpets in established patches were most effective in retarding settlement and lateral invasion by mussels, but all patches shrank due to mussel encroachment. As patches shrank, limpet density fell in established and naturally disturbed patches due to emigration. Limpets living on mussel beds were small, sparse and never achieved sexual maturity; 60% shifted to rock, whereas only 7% moved from rock to mussels. The limpets showed highest fidelity to established patches (79% after 12 months) and lowest fidelity in naturally disturbed patches (20%). Thinning of established patches reduced fidelity to 26%. Mussel beds did not provide a suitable alternative substratum for S. argenvillei after they displaced the limpets from rocks. Moreover, elimination of mussels by waves failed to allow S. argenvillei to re-establish dense, adult populations resembling those prior to arrival of the mussel. Adults of S. argenvillei feed collectively by trapping kelp blades. On the topographically complex mussel beds limpets cannot feed this way. In sum, on exposed shores where M. galloprovincialis achieves maximal recruitment and growth, S. argenvillei is incapable of preventing mussel encroachment and is likely to become completely displaced. Semi-exposed shores do, however, offer a refuge preventing global extinction of the limpet.
机译：在南非西海岸，通过比较四种情况，即帽贝占据被贻贝包围的岩石斑块，调查了外来贻贝贻贝Myprous galloprovincialis（Lamarck）对本土帽贝Scutellastra argenvillei（Krauss）的影响：（1）“既定斑块”高密度的成人帽贝； （2）“实验清除的斑块”，其中的贻贝是手工去除的； （3）贻贝因波浪作用而被消除的“自然扰动斑块”； （4）通过稀疏已建立的补丁而形成的“半密度”补丁。成熟斑块中的帽毛最有效地抑制贻贝的沉降和侧向侵袭，但是由于贻贝的侵袭，所有斑块都萎缩了。当斑块收缩时，由于移生，帽毛密度下降了已建立的自然干扰的斑块。生活在贻贝床上的长尾猴小而稀疏，从未达到性成熟。 60％的人转向岩石，而只有7％的人从岩石移至贻贝。帽贝对已建立斑块的保真度最高（12个月后为79％），而自然干扰斑块的保真度最低（20％）。建立的补丁变薄将保真度降低到26％。贻贝床从岩石中移出帽贝后，没有为阿尔根链球菌提供合适的替代基质。此外，通过海浪消灭贻贝未能使阿尔根氏链球菌重新建立类似于贻贝到来之前的密集成年种群。 S. argenvillei的成虫通过捕获海带刀片共同进食。在地形复杂的贻贝床上，帽贝无法以这种方式喂食。总而言之，在裸露的海岸上，墨西哥省分枝杆菌达到最大的募集和生长，阿尔根氏链球菌无法预防贻贝的侵袭，并且有可能完全被取代。但是，半裸露的海岸确实提供了避难所，可防止帽贝在全球范围内灭绝。

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