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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Food availability and growth of the blue crab in seagrass and unvegetated nurseries of Chesapeake Bay
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Food availability and growth of the blue crab in seagrass and unvegetated nurseries of Chesapeake Bay

机译：切萨皮克湾海草和无植被苗圃中蓝蟹的食物供应和生长

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摘要

Variation in habitat quality and resource availability can affect the distribution and growth of animals. Thin-shelled clams dominate many benthic communities in Chesapeake Bay, both in numbers and in biomass, and they can comprise up to 50% of the blue crab (Callinectes sapidus) diet. Our objective was to determine which habitats were optimal for juvenile crab growth and how growth related to food availability. We experimentally examined benthic infaunal food availability (primarily bivalves) and concurrent growth of juvenile blue crabs at 30-40 sites along 50 km of the York River during fall 2000 and spring 2001. Each year, 4-10 replicate sites along the York River were established in each of five habitats: (1) Seagrass, (2) Mud at the river mouth, (3) Sand at the river mouth, (4) Mud upriver, and (5) Sand upriver. Food availability inside and outside of 0.43-m~2 crab growth cages was examined, along with crab growth after 3-6 months inside cages. In both years, after 3-6 months, the Baltic clam, Macoma balthica, was abundant inside and outside the cages, whereas the soft-shell clam, Mya arenaria, was only abundant inside cages. Densities of Macoma were greatest in upriver mud and sand, while those of Mya were greatest in upriver sand. Crab growth was significantly greater in spring-summer than fall-winter and was significantly higher in upriver mud and sand, where clam densities were highest, than at the river mouth. The upriver region was near the turbidity maximum, which may enhance pelagic and benthic productivity and thereby provide more food for clams and therefore for blue crabs. Crab growth in seagrass was intermediate between that upriver and at the mouth, suggesting that upriver, unvegetated, subtidal habitats adjacent to salt marshes serve as valuable nursery habitats rivaling seagrass beds.
机译：生境质量和资源可用性的变化会影响动物的分布和生长。切萨皮克湾的许多底栖生物在数量和生物量上都占主导地位，而薄壳蛤占蓝蟹（Callinectes sapidus）饮食的50％。我们的目标是确定哪些栖息地最适合幼蟹的​​生长以及生长与食物供应量之间的关系。我们通过实验检查了底栖动物的食物供应量（主要是双壳类动物）以及在2000年秋季和2001年春季沿约克河50公里的30-40个地点同时繁殖的青蟹。每年，约克河沿岸有4-10个重复地点在五个栖息地中的每个栖息地上建立：（1）海草，（2）河口处的泥浆，（3）河口处的泥沙，（4）泥浆上游和（5）砂上游。检查了0.43-m〜2个螃蟹生长笼子内部和外部的食物供应情况，以及在笼子中3-6个月后螃蟹的生长情况。在这两年中，在3到6个月后，波罗的海蛤，Macoma balthica，在网箱内外都很丰富，而软壳蛤，Mya arenaria，仅在网箱内很丰富。 Macoma的密度在上游的泥沙中最大，而Mya的密度在上游的沙中最大。在春季和夏季，螃蟹的生长显着大于秋冬，在蛤mud密度最高的上游泥沙中，河口的生长明显高于河口。上游区域接近最大浊度，这可以提高浮游和底栖鱼类的生产力，从而为蛤类和蓝蟹提供更多的食物。海草的螃蟹生长介于上游和河口之间，这表明与盐沼相邻的上游，无植被的潮间带生境可作为有价值的苗圃生境，与海草床相抗衡。

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