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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Mangroves alter predator-prey interactions by enhancing prey refuge value in a mangrove-marsh ecotone
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Mangroves alter predator-prey interactions by enhancing prey refuge value in a mangrove-marsh ecotone

机译：红树林通过提高红树林-沼泽过渡带的避难所价值来改变捕食者与猎物之间的相互作用。

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Black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) are becoming more common along the edges of their range, potentially displacing salt marsh vegetation in transition zones such as the Texas coast in the Gulf of Mexico (USA). Consequences of this shift on trophic interactions within wetland ecosystems are largely unknown. We investigated how increasing mangrove cover might alter predator-prey interactions involving an important consumer in coastal wetlands, blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus), and one of their key prey items, penaeid shrimp (Family Penaeidae). We conducted a series of mesocosm experiments to assess predation rates and prey refuge values in artificial vegetation (AV) matrices simulating flexible marsh grasses (e.g., Spartina patens, Distichlis spicata) and rigid mangrove pneumatophores (aerial root structures). In predation experiments within each of these AV matrices, blue crabs captured 50% fewer penaeid shrimp in the rigid mangrove treatment compared to the flexible marsh treatment, and time between captures was 83% longer among the simulated pneumatophores. In a prey refuge experiment that allowed both predator and prey to move freely among the AV matrices, penaeid shrimp occupied the rigid pneumatophore matrix 30% more often than the grass matrix when blue crabs were present but had no preference when the predator was absent. This study suggests that where A. germinans and marsh grasses co-occur, the mangroves may provide superior refuge for prey items such as penaeid shrimp. Pneumatophores will likely restrict the mobility of predators such as blue crabs, resulting in lower predation efficiency. These results suggest that as mangrove stands continue to increase in cover within mangrove-marsh ecotones, there are likely to be consequences for upper trophic level dynamics.
机译：黑红树林（Avicennia Germinans）在其范围的边缘变得越来越普遍，有可能取代诸如墨西哥湾（美国）德克萨斯州海岸之类的过渡带中的盐沼植被。这种转变对湿地生态系统中营养相互作用的影响尚不清楚。我们调查了红树林覆盖率的增加如何改变涉及沿海湿地重要消费者蓝蟹（Callinectes sapidus）及其主要猎物之一对虾（对虾科）的捕食者与猎物之间的相互作用。我们进行了一系列中观宇宙实验，以评估模拟柔性沼泽草（例如Spartina patens，Distichlis spicata）和刚性红树林呼吸器（空中根结构）的人工植被（AV）矩阵中的捕食率和猎物避难所值。在这些AV矩阵中的每一个的捕食实验中，与柔性沼泽处理相比，在刚性红树林处理中，蓝蟹捕捞的对虾数量减少了50％，而在模拟的人工呼吸器中，捕捞之间的时间延长了83％。在允许食肉动物和食肉动物在AV矩阵之间自由移动的食肉动物避难实验中，当存在蓝蟹时，对虾对刚性气生菌基质的占有率比草基质高30％，但当食肉动物不存在时，对虾无偏好。这项研究表明，在同时存在A.菌种和沼泽草的地方，红树林可以为对虾等对虾提供更好的避难所。肺隐虫很可能会限制诸如蓝蟹之类的天敌的活动，从而降低捕食效率。这些结果表明，随着红树林－沼泽交错带内红树林的覆盖率不断增加，可能会给高层营养层动态带来后果。

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