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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Black gill increases the susceptibility of white shrimp, Penaeus setiferus (Linnaeus, 1767), to common estuarine predators
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Black gill increases the susceptibility of white shrimp, Penaeus setiferus (Linnaeus, 1767), to common estuarine predators

机译：黑g增加了白虾对虾（Pinaeus setiferus（Linnaeus，1767））对河口捕食者的敏感性

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摘要

Parasites can kill hosts directly, but also indirectly, by enhancing susceptibility to environmental factors and biotic interactions. In the United States South Atlantic Bight region of the northwest Atlantic Ocean, white shrimp (Penaeus setiferus) support a substantial commercial fishery and are also valuable prey for many marine and estuarine species. Since the late 1990s, a condition known as black gill has been observed in penaeid shrimp in the South Atlantic Bight. In this region, black gill has been linked to an apostome ciliate that elicits an innate immune response in shrimp, manifested through the melanization of gill tissues, which impedes respiratory functions and hemolymph ion regulation. The objective of this study was to determine if black gill subjects shrimp to higher rates of predation by red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), spotted seatrout (Cynoscion nebulosus), and blue crab (Callinectes sapidus). A series of simultaneous prey choice mesocosm experiments was conducted, during which single-species predators were able to consume shrimp that were both symptomatic and asymptomatic of black gill over a four-hour period. Predator species were 1.4 to 3.0 times more likely to consume symptomatic shrimp than asymptomatic shrimp. The hinderance of shrimp physiology and escape responses due to gill melanization likely increases the vulnerability of shrimp to predation. This study emphasizes that mortality from parasitic infections is not always direct and that black gill may have a significant impact on penaeid shrimp through secondary, or indirect, mortality.
机译：寄生虫可以通过增强对环境因素和生物相互作用的敏感性来直接杀死宿主，也可以间接杀死宿主。在西北大西洋的美国南大西洋湾地区，白虾（Penaeus setiferus）支持大量的商业捕鱼，也是许多海洋和河口物种的宝贵猎物。自1990年代后期以来，在南大西洋海岸线的对虾中发现了一种称为黑black的病。在该区域，黑g与引发虾的先天免疫反应的畸形纤毛相关，通过through组织的黑色素化表现出来，这阻碍了呼吸功能和血淋巴离子调节。这项研究的目的是确定黑g是否使虾受到红鼓（Sciaenops ocellatus），斑纹r（Cynoscion nebulosus）和蓝蟹（Callinectes sapidus）的捕食。进行了一系列同时进行的猎物选择中观实验，在此过程中，单物种捕食者能够在四个小时的时间内食用黑ill有症状和无症状的虾。捕食有症状虾的可能性是无症状虾的1.4至3.0倍。由于g变黑导致虾生理和逃避反应的障碍可能会增加虾对捕食的脆弱性。这项研究强调，寄生虫感染造成的死亡并不总是直接的，黑through可能通过继发性或间接性死亡对虾产生重大影响。

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