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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of geodynamics >First-order foreland cycles: Interplay of flexural tectonics, dynamic loading, and sedimentation
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First-order foreland cycles: Interplay of flexural tectonics, dynamic loading, and sedimentation

机译：一阶前陆循环：弯曲构造，动态载荷和沉积的相互作用

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Foreland systems on overriding plates (i.e., retroarc settings) form through the deflection of the lithosphere in response to a combination of supra- and sublithospheric loads. Supracrustal loading by orogens leads to the partitioning of foreland systems into foredeep, forebulge, and back-bulge flexural provinces. Thrusting in the orogenic belt results in foredeep subsidence and forebulge uplift, and the reverse occurs as orogenic load is removed by erosion or extension. This pattern generates out-of-phase ('reciprocal') stratigraphies across the flexural hingeline that separates the foredeep from the forebulge. Coupled with flexural tectonics, accommodation is also modified by dynamic (sublithospheric) loading. The latter mechanism operates at larger, continental scales, with rates controlled by the velocity and the angle of subduction.The interplay of accommodation and sediment supply during the lifespan of a foreland system controls the long-term shift from underfilled to overfilled accommodation conditions, which defines the first-order foreland cycle. Predictable shifts in the balance between flexural tectonics and dynamic loading during the evolution of a foreland system allow the subdivision of the first-order foreland cycle into early and late stages dominated by flexural tectonics, separated by an intermediate stage dominated by system-wide dynamic subsidence. The early stage is defined by an underfilled foredeep that hosts a deep-water environment, and an exposed forebulge whose progradation and erosion generates the 'forebulge unconformity' at the base of the first-order foreland sequence. Submergence of the forebulge during the intermediate stage establishes an interior seaway across the entire foreland system. The late stage marks a shift to a system-wide continental setting, which defines the overfilled phase of the foreland cycle.
机译：压板上的前陆系统（即弧后环境）通过岩石圈的偏转形成，以响应超地平岩层和地下岩层以下的载荷的组合。造山带超前负荷导致前陆系统划分为前弯，前凸和后凸弯曲省份。造山带中的冲断导致前倾陷和前隆起抬升，反之则发生，因为通过侵蚀或扩张消除了造山负荷。这种模式在挠曲铰链线上产生异相（“倒”）地层，将前倾与前凸分开。与挠曲构造相结合，还可以通过动态（岩石圈以下）载荷来改变适应性。后一种机制在较大的大陆尺度上运行，其速率受俯冲速度和俯冲角度控制。前陆系统生命周期内的住宿和沉积物供应的相互作用控制了从不足充填到过度充填的长期变化，定义一阶前陆周期。在前陆系统演化过程中，弯曲构造与动态载荷之间的平衡发生可预测的变化，从而可以将一阶前陆周期细分为以弯曲构造为主的早期和晚期，并由以全系统动态沉降为主的中间阶段隔开。早期阶段是由一个充满深水环境的未充填的前峰和一个裸露的前隆界定的，前隆的生长和侵蚀在一级前陆序列的基础上产生了“前隆不整合”。前缘在中间阶段的淹没在整个前陆系统中建立了内部航道。后期标志着向全系统大陆设置的转变，这定义了前陆周期的超填阶段。

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