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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of great lakes research >External Nutrient Sources for Lake Tanganyika
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External Nutrient Sources for Lake Tanganyika

机译：坦any尼喀湖的外部营养来源

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This study assessed the external nutrient sources for Lake Tanganyika from August 1994 to August 1995. The physico-chemical characteristics of the three largest inflowing rivers (Rusizi, Mala-garasi, and Lufubu) and the wet atmospheric deposition in Bujumbura (Burundi), Kigoma (Tanzania), and Mpulungu (Zambia) were analyzed. The magnitude of external loading of P and N were evaluated to determine their potential for supporting biological activity. Seasonal changes in the physico-chemical composition of riverine input were detected and were linked to the altitude and morphology of the river system. A flushing effect was noted. Higher discharge rates corresponded with increased concentrations of most constituents. Rusizi provided the most and Lufubu the least of total riverine nutrient input. Rusizi's load equalled or almost doubled, depending on the nutrient, the combined loads of the other rivers. Seasonal changes in the atmospheric deposition chemistry were detected and were linked to bio-mass burning and atmospheric transport processes. Highest atmospheric deposition rates were encountered in more populated and industrialized Bujumbura. Long- and short-term atmospheric washouts were observed. Concentrations of rainwater components were on most occasions higher at the beginning than at the end of the rainy season. A similar trend was observed during separate rain events. Wet atmospheric deposition provided approximately 83% of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), 37% of total phosphorus (TP), 63% of total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), 65% of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP), but only 1% of soluble reactive silicate (SRSi) of external source loading. The remaining load was derived from riverine sources. DIN, TP, TDP, SRP, and SRSi yearly net fluxes through wet deposition and riverine input were calculated as 58, 5.4, 2.5, 2, and 99 mmol per m~2 lake surface, respectively. Annual external loading of N and P potentially induced a new production of 45 to 60 g C/m~2/yr (ca. 7 to 14 % of annual primary production). External loading forms the main pathway for nutrients to enter the productive layers of Lake Tanganyika during stratified and oligotrophic periods (February to May).
机译：这项研究评估了1994年8月至1995年8月坦Tang尼喀湖的外部养分来源。三个最大的流入河流（Rusizi，Mala-garasi和Lufubu）的理化特征以及基贡马布琼布拉（布隆迪）的湿润大气沉积（坦桑尼亚）和姆普伦古（赞比亚）进行了分析。对磷和氮的外部负载量进行了评估，以确定它们支持生物活性的潜力。检测河流输入物的理化成分的季节性变化，并将其与河流系统的高度和形态联系起来。注意到有潮红作用。较高的排放速率与大多数成分的浓度增加相对应。在河流养分总输入量中，Rusizi提供最多，Lufubu提供最少。根据养分以及其他河流的总负荷，鲁西兹的负荷等于或几乎增加了一倍。检测到大气沉积化学的季节性变化，并将其与生物质燃烧和大气传输过程联系起来。在人口更密集，工业化程度更高的布琼布拉，最高的大气沉积速率遇到了。观察到长期和短期大气冲洗。在大多数情况下，雨季开始时的雨水成分浓度要高于雨季结束时的浓度。在单独的降雨事件中也观察到了类似的趋势。潮湿的大气沉积提供了约83％的溶解无机氮（DIN），37％的总磷（TP），63％的总溶解磷（TDP），65％的可溶性活性磷（SRP），但仅提供了1％的可溶性磷外部源负载的反应性硅酸盐（SRSi）。剩余负荷来自河流资源。 DIN，TP，TDP，SRP和SRSi通过湿沉降和河流输入的年净通量分别为每m〜2湖面58、5.4、2.5、2和99 mmol。每年外部氮和磷的负载量可能导致45至60 g C / m〜2 / yr的新产量（约占年度初级产量的7％至14％）。在分层和贫营养时期（2月至5月），外部负荷是养分进入坦any尼喀湖生产层的主要途径。

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