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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of health economics >The value of mortality risk reductions. Pure altruism - a confounder?
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The value of mortality risk reductions. Pure altruism - a confounder?

机译：降低死亡风险的价值。纯利他主义-混杂因素？

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摘要

This paper examines public valuations of mortality risk reductions. We set up a theoretical framework that allows for altruistic preferences, and subsequently test theoretical predictions through the design of a discrete choice experiment. By varying the tax scenario (uniform versus individual tax), the experimental design allows us to verify whether pure altruistic preferences are present and the underlying causes. We find evidence of negative pure altruism. Under a coercive uniform tax system respondents lower their willingness to pay possibly to ensure that they are not forcing others to pay at a level that corresponds to their own higher valuations. This hypothesis is supported by the observation that respondents perceive other individuals' valuations to be lower than their own. Our results suggest that public valuations of mortality risk reductions may underestimate the true societal value because respondents are considering other individuals' welfare, and wrongfully perceive other people's valuations to be low. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：本文研究了降低死亡风险的公共评估。我们建立了允许利他主义偏好的理论框架，随后通过离散选择实验的设计测试了理论预测。通过改变税收方案（统一税与个人税），实验设计使我们能够验证是否存在纯利他主义偏好及其根本原因。我们发现了负面的纯利他主义的证据。在强制性统一税制下，被调查者降低了支付意愿，以确保他们不会强迫他人以与自己较高的估值相对应的水平付款。这一假设得到以下观察者的支持：受访者认为其他人的估值低于自己的估值。我们的结果表明，降低死亡率风险的公开评估可能会低估真实的社会价值，因为受访者考虑他人的福利，并错误地认为他人的评估价值较低。 （C）2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of health economics》 |2016年第9期|184-192|共9页
  • 作者

    Gyrd-Hansen Dorte; Kjaer Trine; Nielsen Jytte Seested;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Econ & Business, COHERE, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark|Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Publ Hlth, COHERE, Odense, Denmark|Arctic Univ Tromso, Dept Community Med, UiT, Tromso, Norway;

    Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Econ & Business, COHERE, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark;

    Univ Southern Denmark, Dept Econ & Business, COHERE, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark|Newcastle Univ, Sch Business, 5 Barrack Rd, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 4SE, Tyne & Wear, England;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Altruism; Risk reduction; Willingness to pay; Stated preferences; Value of statistical life;

    机译：利他主义;减少风险;支付意愿;陈述的偏好;统计寿命的价值;

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