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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Human Rights >Healing Past Violence: Traumatic Assumptions and Therapeutic Interventions in War and Reconciliation
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Healing Past Violence: Traumatic Assumptions and Therapeutic Interventions in War and Reconciliation

机译：治愈过去的暴力：战争与和解中的创伤性假设和治疗干预

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Since South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC), a therapeutic moral order has become one of the dominant frameworks within which states attempt to deal with a legacy of violent conflict. As a consequence, the grammar of trauma, suffering, repression, denial, closure, truth-revelation, and catharsis has become almost axiomatic to postconflict state-building. The rise of the postconflict therapeutic framework is tied, ineluctably, to the global proliferation of amnesty agreements. This article examines the emergence and application of two therapeutic truisms that have gained political credence in postconflict contexts since the work of the TRC. The first of these is that war-torn societies are traumatized and require therapeutic management if conflict is to be ameliorated. The second, and related truism, is that one of the tasks of the postconflict state is to attend to the psychiatric health of its citizens and the nation as a whole. The article shows how, and to what effect, these truisms coalesce powerfully at the site of postconflict national reconciliation processes. It argues that the discourse of therapy provides a radically new mode of state legitimation. It is the language through which new state institutions, primarily truth commissions, attempt to acknowledge suffering, ameliorate trauma and simultaneously found political legitimacy. The article concludes by suggesting that, on a therapeutic understanding, postconflict processes of dealing with past violence justify nascent political orders on new grounds: not just because they can forcibly suppress conflict, or deliver justice and protect rights, but because they can cure people of the pathologies that are a potential cause of resurgent violence.
机译：自南非真相与和解委员会（TRC）以来，一种治疗上的道德秩序已成为国家试图处理暴力冲突遗留问题的主要框架之一。结果，创伤，苦难，压抑，否认，封闭，真相和宣泄的语法对冲突后国家建设几乎是不言而喻的。冲突后治疗框架的兴起不可避免地与大赦协议的全球扩散联系在一起。本文研究了自TRC以来在冲突后环境中获得政治信誉的两种治疗性不言而喻的出现和应用。首先是，饱受战争摧残的社会受到创伤，如果要改善冲突，就需要进行治疗管理。第二个相关的不言而喻的是，冲突后国家的任务之一是照顾其公民和整个国家的精神健康。这篇文章说明了在市场上冲突后民族和解的过程中，这些不言自明的方式以及产生的效果。它认为治疗的话语提供了一种全新的国家合法化模式。这是新的国家机构，主要是真相委员会，试图承认苦难，减轻创伤并同时获得政治合法性的语言。文章最后提出，从治疗的角度来看，处理过往暴力的冲突后过程以新的理由为新生的政治秩序辩护：不仅仅是因为它们可以强迫镇压冲突，伸张正义并保护权利，还因为它们可以治愈人民的生命。可能导致死灰复燃的病理状态。

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