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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Hydraulic Engineering >Low-Velocity Zone in Smooth Pipe Culvert with and without Streamwise Rib for Fish Passage
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Low-Velocity Zone in Smooth Pipe Culvert with and without Streamwise Rib for Fish Passage

机译：光滑管道涵洞中的低速区，带有且无流动肋骨用于鱼类

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摘要

Unimpeded waterway connectivity is a requirement for all freshwater fish. While box culverts are considered the most effective design in terms of upstream fish passage, circular culverts are very common. Detailed hydrodynamic measurements were undertaken under controlled conditions in a near-full-scale smooth pipe culvert operating at less-than-design flows. Two configurations were tested: a smooth semicircular channel and a circular channel equipped with a small streamwise rib placed asymmetrically. For all investigated flow conditions, the channel flow was subcritical and corresponded to less-than-design conditions. Detailed measurements showed high velocities through the entire cross-section, with no obvious low-velocity region along the smooth wetted perimeter. The presence of an asymmetrical streamwise rib induced the formation of a small well-defined low-velocity zone (LVZ) in the vicinity of the rib. The flow resistance was slightly larger than that in a rectangular channel, for identical boundary roughness and flow conditions. The streamwise rib had a limited impact on the flow resistance, although large transverse gradient in skin friction shear stress, conducive of secondary currents, were observed. While the low-velocity zone size relevant to the upstream passage of small fish was smaller in the smooth circular channel than in a comparable rectangular channel, the introduction of the asymmetrical streamwise rib might create preferential swimming paths for small-bodied fish and juveniles of larger fish. The present physical results may serve as a validation data set for future computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling, to assist with the development of more efficient designs.
机译：无阻碍的水路连接是所有淡水鱼的要求。虽然盒子涵洞被认为是上游鱼通道的最有效的设计，但圆形涵洞很常见。在受控条件下，在近乎全面的光滑管涵洞下进行了详细的流体动力学测量，在较低的流动下运行。测试了两种配置：光滑的半圆通道和配备有小流动肋的圆通道。对于所有调查的流动条件，通道流是亚临界的并且对应于较小的条件。详细测量显示通过整个横截面的高速度，沿着光滑的湿润周边没有明显的低速区域。存在不对称的流动肋，诱导在肋条附近形成小明确的低速度区（LVZ）。流动阻力略大于矩形通道中的，用于相同的边界粗糙度和流动条件。虽然观察到，但是对流动阻力的影响有限地对流动阻力产生有限的影响，尽管在皮肤摩擦剪切应力中，有利于二次电流。虽然在光滑的圆形通道中比在可比较的矩形通道中较小与小鱼的上游通道相关的低速区尺寸，但是不对称流动肋的引入可能为小型鱼类和少年造成优先的游泳道鱼。本物理结果可以用作未来计算流体动力学（CFD）建模的验证数据集，以帮助开发更有效的设计。

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