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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of hydrologic engineering >One-Dimensional Linear Kinematic Wave Solution for Overland Flow under Moving Storms Using the Method of Characteristics
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One-Dimensional Linear Kinematic Wave Solution for Overland Flow under Moving Storms Using the Method of Characteristics

机译：特征线法求解暴雨中陆流的一维线性运动波解

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摘要

The kinematic wave theory has been a widely accepted technique for modeling overland flow. Although it is recognized that overland flow is nonlinear, linear approximations have nonetheless been applied and found to be satisfactory on small impermeable areas such as those found in the urban environment as well as on steep slopes. Linear approximation also holds for floods, which may explain the popularity of the unit hydrograph method. This study derives analytical solutions of one-dimensional (1D) kinematic wave equations for overland flow on a plane subjected to moving storms using the method of characteristics. Two cases of storm movement are considered: a storm moving downstream and a storm moving upstream. The 1D solutions are compared with other analytical solutions and with the laboratory simulation. The proposed analytical solution, despite the simplifications embedded therein, suggests that it can be useful for engineering purposes. It clearly shows the flow characteristics during the rising limb, at equilibrium (constant discharge achieved), and during the recession limb of the hydrograph. Also, it can be used to quantify the error resulting from the assumption of a stationary storm covering the entire watershed, which seldom happens.
机译：运动波理论是一种广泛的陆上水流模拟技术。尽管人们认识到陆上流动是非线性的，但仍应用了线性近似，并且发现在诸如城市环境以及陡峭斜坡等小的不可渗透区域，它是令人满意的。线性近似也适用于洪水，这可以解释单位水位法的流行。这项研究使用特征方法推导了一维（1D）运动波动方程的解析解，该方程用于在遭受暴风雨的飞机上的陆上流动。考虑了风暴运动的两种情况：向下游移动的风暴和向上游移动的风暴。将一维解决方案与其他分析解决方案和实验室模拟进行比较。所提出的分析解决方案尽管具有简化的内在含义，但表明它可用于工程设计。它清楚地显示了水文曲线图的上升肢处于平衡状态（实现了恒定排放）和衰退肢的流动特性。而且，它可以用来量化由很少发生的覆盖整个流域的固定风暴造成的误差。

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