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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Imaging Science and Technology >Deformation and Non-uniform Charging of Toner Particles: Coupling of Electrostatic and Dispersive Adhesion Forces
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Deformation and Non-uniform Charging of Toner Particles: Coupling of Electrostatic and Dispersive Adhesion Forces

机译：碳粉颗粒的变形和不均匀带电：静电和分散粘附力的耦合

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摘要

Both electrostatic and dispersive (van der Waals) forces contribute to particle adhesion, which has a significant effect on toner transfer in the electrophotographic process. Several approaches to adhesion measurements have yielded a large range of results for a variety of particle and environmental conditions. We present adhesion measurements taken in different environments using the metered air pulse method. They yield significantly different removal forces as a function of temperature for the same average particle charge. Particle deformation due to a combination of changes in particle stiffness with temperature and compressive electrostatic forces can predict the resulting adhesion increase. The morphology change is one of several factors which can contribute to the measured adhesion, which is significantly higher than values obtained by considering only the charged particle monopole and its image. Additionally, non-uniform charging in controlled adhesion experiments provides further muddling between the electrostatic and dispersive forces. This result is due to the electrostatic force having a component which is independent of the nominal charge under certain conditions. We find that the adhesion forces can be fully cubic with respect to the average particle charge, and that the components of the adhesion force may be much more difficult to decouple than previously thought.
机译：静电力和分散力（范德华力）都有助于颗粒粘附，这对电子照相过程中的调色剂转移有显着影响。对于各种颗粒和环境条件，几种用于粘附力测量的方法已经产生了广泛的结果。我们介绍了使用计量空气脉冲法在不同环境下进行的粘附力测量。对于相同的平均粒子电荷，它们产生的去除力随温度的变化而显着不同。由于颗粒刚度随温度变化和静电压缩力的变化而引起的颗粒变形可以预测所导致的粘合力增加。形态变化是可以影响所测量的粘附力的几个因素之一，其显着高于仅考虑带电粒子单极子及其图像获得的值。此外，受控粘合实验中的不均匀充电会进一步增加静电力和分散力之间的混淆。该结果是由于静电力在某些条件下具有独立于标称电荷的分量。我们发现，粘附力相对于平均粒子电荷可以是完全立方的，并且粘附力的分量可能比以前认为的要难得多。

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