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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Infrastructure Systems >Environmental and Economic Life-Cycle Assessment of Municipal Water-Storage Options: Infrastructure Refurbishment versus Replacement
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Environmental and Economic Life-Cycle Assessment of Municipal Water-Storage Options: Infrastructure Refurbishment versus Replacement

机译：市政储水方案的环境和经济生命周期评估：基础设施翻新与更换

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A large proportion of U.S. civil infrastructure will need to be refurbished or replaced in the coming decades. How to do so while considering various aspects of sustainability is a major challenge for engineers, utilities, and government agencies. Additionally, infrastructure decisions have a long time horizon and, as such, the implications of these decisions need to be considered over the life cycle of each project. This study describes a triple-bottom-line analysis that was performed in cooperation with a water utility in the Northeast to quantify the life-cycle economic, environmental, and social impacts of refurbishing or replacing a large water-storage tank. A hybrid environmental life-cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted and included both on-site use of resources and emissions, as well as those that occur during production and transport of the various materials used in site preparation, construction, and maintenance. The proposed new tank would achieve better water quality and a different overall usable capacity, introducing additional complexity into the comparison. The analysis considered capital and maintenance costs, life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions, water consumption, human health impacts, and ecotoxicity, as well as local societal impacts such as congestion costs, noise, and the effect of aesthetic changes on property values. The results show that refurbishing the existing tank is preferable to new tank construction across all environmental impact categories, both in absolute terms and when normalized by the amount of high-quality water storage provided. Economic and societal cost analyses also preferred tank refurbishment, with significant variations depending on maintenance schedule and assumed tank lifetimes. This analysis provides detailed, quantitative data to support project decision making at the municipal level and demonstrates generally the application of multicriteria sustainability assessment to civil infrastructure planning.
机译：在未来几十年中，美国大部分民用基础设施将需要翻新或更换。在考虑可持续性的各个方面的同时如何做到这一点对工程师，公用事业和政府机构是一个重大挑战。此外，基础架构决策的时限很长，因此，在每个项目的生命周期中都需要考虑这些决策的含义。这项研究描述了与东北的供水公司合作进行的三重底线分析，以量化翻新或更换大型储水箱的生命周期对经济，环境和社会的影响。进行了混合环境生命周期评估（LCA），其中包括资源和排放的现场使用，以及在现场准备，建设和维护中使用的各种材料的生产和运输过程中发生的资源和排放。拟议的新水箱将实现更好的水质和不同的总可用容量，从而使比较过程更加复杂。该分析考虑了资本和维护成本，生命周期温室气体排放，水消耗，对人类健康的影响和生态毒性，以及当地社会的影响，例如交通拥堵成本，噪音以及审美变化对财产价值的影响。结果表明，从绝对意义上以及通过提供的优质水量进行标准化后，在所有环境影响类别中，翻新现有水箱均比新建水箱更可取。经济和社会成本分析也是首选的储罐翻新，具体取决于维护计划和假定的储罐寿命。该分析提供了详细的定量数据来支持市政一级的项目决策，并总体上展示了多准则可持续性评估在民用基础设施规划中的应用。

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