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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of institutional economics >The economic theory of rights
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The economic theory of rights

机译：权利的经济学理论

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摘要

People have rights to the degree that they are willing to claim them and are able to enforce them, either themselves or through a third-party enforcer. This economic theory of rights is based on the rights people actually do have and are able to exercise, not the rights they should have based on some normative criteria. Natural rights theories and contractual rights theories are examined and found to be ambiguous as to the actual rights they imply. Furthermore, there is no assurance that people will actually be able to exercise any natural rights or agreed-upon rights. People's actual ability to claim and enforce rights is based on the economic and political power they have, which in turn is based on their ability to provide benefits to others in exchange for others respecting the claimed rights, and in some cases being willing to use force to make others respect them.
机译：人们拥有自己愿意或可以通过第三方执行者要求保护的权利。这种权利的经济学理论是基于人们实际拥有和能够行使的权利，而不是基于某些规范性标准应该拥有的权利。对自然权利理论和合同权利理论进行了研究，发现它们所暗示的实际权利是模棱两可的。此外，不能保证人们实际上将能够行使任何自然权利或商定的权利。人们要求和执行权利的实际能力取决于他们拥有的经济和政治力量，而能力又取决于他们有能力为他人提供利益，以换取他人尊重所主张的权利，在某些情况下愿意使用武力让别人尊重他们。

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