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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of military ethics >XUNZI'S MORAL ANALYSIS OF WAR AND SOME OF ITS CONTEMPORARY IMPLICATIONS
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XUNZI'S MORAL ANALYSIS OF WAR AND SOME OF ITS CONTEMPORARY IMPLICATIONS

机译：UN子战争的道德分析及其当代意义。

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The early Ru or 'Confucian' figure Xunzi ('Master Xun,' c. 310-c. 220 BCE) gives a sophisticated analysis of war, which he develops on the basis of a larger social and political vision that he works out in considerable detail. This larger vision of human society is thoroughly normative in the sense that Xunzi both argues for the value of his ideal conception of society, and relates these moral arguments for the Confucian Dao or Way to what I take to be fairly hardheaded assessments of the dynamics of international relations in his late Warring States historical context. This combination of moral vision and political realism, combined with his advocacy of strong political authorities that nevertheless rule justly in service to the common good, makes his thought arguably more relevant to the contemporary world of contending nation-states, and a rising, undemocratic China, than any other pre-modern Confucian. Xunzi's own context, both intellectual and political/military, led him to argue about war in ways that look distinctive to contemporary Western ethicists - and yet his preferred issues are revealing in themselves and are suggestive in relation to current debates in military ethics. In the first part of this paper I analyze Xunzi's argumentative strategy in debate about war, where he chooses to attack his adversaries on the question of how to cultivate true loyalty and obedience in subordinates. The second part briefly explores Xunzi's vision of the good society and how it fits into a multi-state world, which undergirds his critique of alternate discourses about war and government. The third examines the Xunzian vision of politics and war as a source for a contemporary Confucian theory of civilian-military relations. The fourth section explores some implications of a Xunzian account for international relations, through a brief comparison with the Kantian notion of 'perpetual peace' among liberal states, and whether such 'zones of peace' might be conceivable on Confucian grounds. The conclusion reflects on the ambiguous legacy of Xunzi's moralism in his analysis of war and statecraft, and the possible light this shines on contemporary Chinese political culture.
机译：早期的儒家或X人物X子（“'”，约公元前310-220年）对战争进行了复杂的分析，他在更大的社会和政治视野的基础上发展了战争，他在相当大的程度上制定了详情。从X子既主张自己理想的社会观念的价值的观点出发，人类社会的这种更大的视野是完全规范的，并将X论道的这些道德论点与我所认为的对动力的相当顽强的评价联系起来。战国后期的历史背景下的国际关系。道德视野和政治现实主义的结合，加上他主张强大的政治权威，尽管这些正义的正义为公共利益服务，这无疑使他的思想与当代民族国家竞争和崛起，不民主的中国更加相关。 ，比其他任何前现代儒家都高。 zi子自身的思想和政治/军事背景使他以当代西方伦理学家所独有的方式来辩论战争，但​​是his子的偏好本身正在揭示，并且与当前的军事伦理学辩论有关。在本文的第一部分中，我将分析X子在关于战争的辩论中的论证策略，在那里他选择在如何培养下属的真正忠诚和服从问题上攻击对手。第二部分简要探讨X子对善良社会的看法，以及善恶社会如何融入多国世界，这凸显了他对战争和政府交替话语的批评。第三部分考察了nz子的政治和战争观，将其作为当代儒家的军民关系理论的来源。第四部分通过与康德主义在自由主义国家之间的“永久和平”概念进行简要比较，探讨了玄赞对国际关系的一些暗示，以及从儒家的角度是否可以想象这样的“和平区”。该结论反映了X子对战争和政权的分析中legacy昧的道德传统，以及对当代中国政治文化的启示。

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