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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Parasitology >FIELD EVIDENCE FOR LEECH-BORNE TRANSMISSION OF AMPHIBIAN ICHTHYOPHONUS SP
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FIELD EVIDENCE FOR LEECH-BORNE TRANSMISSION OF AMPHIBIAN ICHTHYOPHONUS SP

机译：两栖类鱼鳞SP水LEE传播的现场证据

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摘要

Parasites have been implicated in mass mortality events and population declines of amphibians around the world. One pathogen associated with mortality events in North America is an Ichthyophonus sp.-like organism that affects red-spotted newts (Notophthalmus viridescens) and several frog species, yet little is known about the distribution of this pathogen in wild populations or the mechanism of transmission. In an effort to identify factors influencing the distribution and abundance of this pathogen, we measured Ichthyophonus sp. prevalence and a series of factors that could contribute to transmission in 16 newt populations during spring 2004. In contrast to our initial hypotheses of trophic transmission, several lines of evidence suggested a role for the amphibian leech (Placobdella picta) in Ichthyophonus sp. transmission. We propose the mechanistic hypothesis that a leech acquires Ichthyophonus sp. infection when inserting its proboscis into the muscles beneath the skin of infected newts and transmits the infection to other newts in subsequent feeding bouts. We also found effects of host sex, body mass, and breeding condition on Ichthyophonus sp. prevalence and the number of attached leeches. The number of leeches attached to newts was strongly related to the proportion of newt habitat containing emergent vegetation, suggesting that anthropogenic eutrophication might lead to more frequent or severe outbreaks of Ichthyophonus sp. infection in amphibians.
机译：寄生虫与世界各地的两栖动物的大规模死亡事件和种群下降有关。在北美，与死亡事件相关的一种病原体是一种象鱼疫菌（Ichthyophonus sp。）样的生物，它会影响红色斑点的new（Notophthalmus viridescens）和几种蛙类，但对于这种病原体在野生种群中的分布或传播机制知之甚少。为了确定影响该病原体分布和丰度的因素，我们测量了鱼鳞藻。流行率和一系列可能在2004年春季导致16个new种群传播的因素。与我们最初的营养传播假设相反，一些证据表明，两栖水ech（Placobdella picta）在鱼鳞藻中起作用。传播。我们提出水ech获得Ichthyophonus sp。的机制假说。感染时，将其长鼻插入被感染beneath的皮肤下方的肌肉中，并在随后的喂食回合中将感染传播给其他。我们还发现寄主性别，体重和繁殖条件对鱼鳞藻的影响。患病率和附着水lee的数量。附着在new上的水的数量与含有紧急植被的new栖息地的比例密切相关，这表明人为的富营养化可能导致鱼鳞sp更频繁或更严重的爆发。两栖动物感染。

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