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Salt Feedback in the Adiabatic Overturning Circulation

机译：绝热翻转循环中的盐分反馈

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摘要

The adiabatic overturning circulation is the part of the meridional overturning circulation that persists in the limit of vanishing diffusivity. Two conditions are required for the existence of the adiabatic overturning circulation: a high-latitude zonally reentrant channel subject to surface westerlies and a set of outcropping isopycnals shared between the channel and the opposite hemisphere. This paper examines how different buoyancy forcing regimes, particularly freshwater flux, affect the surface buoyancy distribution and the strength of the adiabatic overturning circulation. Without freshwater forcing, salinity is uniform and buoyancy is determined by temperature only. In this case, the size of the shared isopycnal window is effectively fixed by the coupling between atmospheric and sea surface temperatures. With freshwater forcing (applied as a surface flux), the salinity, and thus the sea surface buoyancy and the size of the shared isopycnal window, is not specified by the atmospheric state alone. It is found that a salt-advection feedback leads to surface buoyancy distributions that increase the size of the isopycnal window and strengthen the adiabatic overturning circulation. The strength of the feedback is controlled by processes in high latitudes-the southern channel, where the surface salinity is determined by a balance between freshwater input from the atmosphere, salt input from upwelling deep water, and freshwater export by Ekman transport; and the Northern Hemisphere, where the overturning and wind-driven transport in the thermocline advect salty water from the subtropics, mitigating the freshening effect of the surface freshwater flux. The freshwater budget in the channel region provides an estimate of the size of the isopycnal window.
机译：绝热倾覆环流是子午倾覆环流的一部分，持续存在于消失扩散率的极限中。绝热倾覆环流的存在需要两个条件：一个受表面西风影响的高纬度纬向折返通道，以及在通道与相对的半球之间共享的一套露头等渗通道。本文研究了不同的浮力强迫机制，特别是淡水通量，如何影响表面浮力分布和绝热倾覆环流的强度。没有淡水强迫，盐度是均匀的，浮力仅由温度决定。在这种情况下，共享的等温窗的大小通过大气和海面温度之间的耦合有效地固定。对于淡水强迫（作为表面通量应用），仅靠大气状态并不能确定盐度，因此也不能确定海面的浮力和共享的等渗窗的大小。发现盐对流反馈导致表面浮力分布，这增加了等腰窗的尺寸并增强了绝热倾覆循环。反馈的强度受高纬度地区南部通道的过程控制，地表盐度由大气中的淡水输入，上升的深水中的盐输入和埃克曼输运的淡水输出之间的平衡决定；在北半球，温跃层的倾覆和风驱动输送使来自亚热带的咸水平流，从而减轻了表面淡水通量的新鲜作用。河道区域的淡水预算提供了等渗窗尺寸的估计值。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Physical Oceanography》 |2014年第4期|1175-1194|共20页
  • 作者

    Christopher L. Wolfe; Paola Cessi;

  • 作者单位

    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California,School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000;

    Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California;

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