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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Physical Oceanography >Formation and Circulation of Mode Waters of the North Pacific in a High-Resolution GCM
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Formation and Circulation of Mode Waters of the North Pacific in a High-Resolution GCM

机译：高分辨率GCM模式下北太平洋模式水的形成与循环

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摘要

Formation and circulation of mode waters in the subtropical North Pacific are investigated by performing a numerical simulation with a high-resolution general circulation model. In the model, important features for forming mode waters, such as separation of western boundary currents, frontal systems, mixed layer processes, and eddy activities, are well reproduced. Annual subduction rates, calculated by following the mixed layer base, have major peaks in three density ranges and are related to the deep winter mixed layer at the south of the fronts in the western North Pacific, that is, the Kuroshio Extension with a winter surface density of 25.5 σ_θ, the Kuroshio bifurcation front (26.2 σ_θ), and the subarctic front (26.5 σ_θ). The lightest peak corresponds to the Subtropical Mode Water (STMW). It is formed at the south of the Kuroshio Extension and enters the main pycnocline as it crosses the mixed layer depth (MLD) front to the south. The remaining two peaks correspond to the Central Mode Water (CMW). The lighter one may be called the lighter variety of CMW (LCMW); it is formed at the south of the Kuroshio bifurcation front and enters the main pycnocline as it crosses the MLD front to the east. The heavier one may be called the denser variety of CMW (DCMW); it is formed at the south of the subarctic front and enters the main pycnocline as it crosses the MLD front to the east. A large heat loss at the sea surface in the western North Pacific is important for STMW formation, while low stability in the subsurface layer, as well as a large heat loss, is important for CMW formation. Among the waters that are subducted in the subtropics, the cores of STMW and LCMW circulate around the wind-driven subtropical gyre, while those at the outer edge of the gyre, which include DCMW, enter the Tropics via the western half of the tropical-subtropical gyre boundary. They amount to about 26 Sv (Sv ≡ 10~6 m~3 s~(-1)), which is determined by the northward surface Ekman transport at the boundary.
机译：通过使用高分辨率的一般环流模型进行数值模拟，研究了亚热带北太平洋模式水的形成和环流。在该模型中，很好地再现了形成模态水的重要特征，例如西部边界水流的分离，额叶系统，混合层过程和涡流活动。按照俯冲混合层的基础计算出的年俯冲率在三个密度范围内都有一个主要的峰值，并且与北太平洋西部锋面南部即冬季越过黑潮的深层冬季混合层有关。密度为25.5σ_θ，黑潮分叉峰（26.2σ_θ）和亚弧前峰（26.5σ_θ）。最亮的峰对应于亚热带模式水（STMW）。它形成于黑潮扩展区的南部，并在越过南部的混合层深度（MLD）时进入主要的比诺克林。其余两个峰对应于中央模式水（CMW）。较轻的一种可以称为CMW的较轻品种（LCMW）；它形成在黑潮分叉锋的南部，并在越过MLD锋线向东时进入主要的比索克林。较重的一种可能被称为CMW的密集品种（DCMW）；它形成在弧下锋的南部，并在穿过MLD锋线的东边进入主要的比诺克线。北太平洋西部海面的大量热损失对于STMW的形成很重要，而在地下层的低稳定性以及大量的热损失对CMW的形成很重要。在亚热带俯冲的水域中，STMW和LCMW的核心围绕风力驱动的亚热带回旋环流而绕行，而回旋的外围（包括DCMW）则通过热带西半部进入热带。亚热带回旋边界。它们大约为26 Sv（Sv≡10〜6 m〜3 s〜（-1）），由边界处的北向表面埃克曼输运确定。

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