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Variability of Southern Ocean Transports

机译：南部海洋运输的可变性

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The Southern Ocean (SO) is capable of transporting vast amounts of salt, heat, and nutrients, which allows it to influence and regulate global climate. The variability of depth- and density-integrated volume transports in the SO is studied using the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO), version 4, release 3 (1992-2015), ocean state estimate. The estimate has a net eastward transport of 150.6 +/- 5.5, 162.6 +/- 7.4, and 148.2 +/- 5.4 Sv (1 Sv 10(6) m(3) s(-1)) between the Atlantic-Indian, Indian-Pacific, and Pacific-Atlantic basins, respectively. The time-mean meridional volume transport across 30 degrees S in the Atlantic is estimated to be -1.4 +/- 0.6 Sv, -14.4 +/- 3.5 Sv in the Indian basin, and 15.5 +/- 4.1 Sv in the Pacific, where negative values are southward. Trends in net volume transport between the basins are statistically insignificant. Within the water column, however, the middle and lower branches of the meridional overturning circulation have trends of -0.289 and 0.248 Sv decade(-1) in the Atlantic basin. The Indian and Pacific basins have decreasing trends in their lower overturning cells. These results indicate increased overturning circulation within the lower branch in the South Atlantic and decreased lower branch circulation within the Indian and Pacific basins and have implications on the thermohaline-driven circulation. Using ECCO, we estimate a southward potential temperature transport of -176.2 degrees +/- 197.2 degrees C Sv and salinity transport of -1.71 +/- 22.4 psu Sv into the SO and indicate potential temperature transport is increasing by -15.0 degrees +/- 13.2 degrees C Sv decade(-1).
机译：南大洋（SO）能够运输大量的盐，热量和养分，从而可以影响和调节全球气候。使用《估计海洋的环流和气候》（ECCO），第4版，第3版（1992-2015年），海洋状态估计值，研究了SO中深度和密度集成的体积输运的可变性。估算值在大西洋-印度洋之间有150.6 +/- 5.5、162.6 +/- 7.4和148.2 +/- 5.4 Sv（1 Sv 10（6）m（3）s（-1））的净东移，分别是印度太平洋盆地和太平洋大西洋盆地。大西洋上30度南半球的时间平均子午线输运量估计为-1.4 +/- 0.6 Sv，印度洋盆地为-14.4 +/- 3.5 Sv，太平洋为15.5 +/- 4.1 Sv负值向南。流域之间净体积传输的趋势在统计上不显着。然而，在水柱内，大西洋盆地的子午向翻转环流的中，下部分支具有-0.289和0.248 Sv十年（-1）的趋势。印度和太平洋盆地的下倾单元具有下降的趋势。这些结果表明，南大西洋下部分支内的翻转环流增加，而印度和太平洋盆地内下部分支的环流减少，这对热盐碱化环流有影响。使用ECCO，我们估算向SO中向南的潜在温度传输为-176.2度+/- 197.2摄氏度，盐度传输为-1.71 +/- 22.4 psu Sv，表明潜在的温度传输正在增加-15.0度+/- 13.2摄氏度Sv十年（-1）。

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